Research On Method For Sharing Benefit From Joint Procurement Based On Cooperative Game

With the process of economic globalization accelerating, the cooperation between enterprises becomes closer than before. In recent years ,there are more and more alliances, supply chain alliances between enterprises is mushrooming, With the rise of supply chain alliances, joint procurement draws more and more attention from medium-sized enterprises. Combing the procurement needs by the Formation of purchasing alliances between enterprises realizes large-scale purchases, this method not only get price discounts from the vendor, but also can get better service,so as to improves companies'competitiveness.There are both advantages and disadvantages in implementing joint procurement,enterprises should take appropriate form and structure of the alliance according to the characteristics of alliance. We can take the cost reduction bringing by joint procurement as the increase of benefits. The alliance members are most concerned about is how to allocate the total benefits reasonably and fairly. We analyze the principles of profit distribution from the perspective of cooperative game, such as"risk and profit sharing","more work, more income", and"more contribution ,more distribution",the distribution of benefits will be more reasonable by following to these principles. The paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Shapley value method,the method does not consider the factors of risk,commitment and contribution ,this paper analyzes the specific impact of the three factors,and calculates the factors to form a comprehensive synthesis of factors in order to improve the Shapley value model.Finally, the paper analyzes that our country's low-voltage electrical industry has to face he challenges and fierce competition form foreign companies and the rising prices of non-ferrous raw materials monopolized by suppliers. And the customers have a relatively strong ability to lower prices in monopolistic competitive industry, so the two ways reduce the low-voltage electrical appliances manufacturers'profit margins. In order to improve their own competitiveness and expand profit margins,the low-voltage electrical companies form purchasing alliance , and reduce procurement costs by getting a large supplier of bulk purchases discount price to achieve the cost leadership strategy. The paper sets up three companies purchasing alliance as an example and calculates the fair and reasonable benefit sharing by using the improved Shapley value method.