Research Of Land-lost Farmers' Old-age Security During Urbanization In China

In the guidance of taking economic construction as our central task, the process of Chinese urbanization accelerates and the number of land-lost farmers increases rapidly. As the security function of land and family endowment is gradually lacking, the living security of land-lost farmers is becoming a important problem effecting development of economics and society during urbanization. The old-age security of land-lost farmers gradually becomes a problem about "three rural" and social security. To be resolved for this problem, it will have economic significance and social meaning, which is useful for realizing the social justice, accelerating modernization and planning urban-rural development as a whole. The old-age security of land-lost farmers is discussed in this article and the mode of land-lost farmers'old-age security is presented, which is tailored to the actual situation for land-lost farmers. The structure of this paper is as follows:At first, from the conception of urbanization, the setting of this problem and the significance about theory and practice is discussed. From the research status of abroad old-aged security, this article refers to the domestic situation of study about the old-age security system and problems in practice, and the method constructing the mode of old-age security with regard to land-lost farmers is related, with literature research method. There is a broad literature review to provide a theoretical reference for the old-age security system of land-lost farmers from the two development lines, one of which is from the welfare state theory suggested by new German history school to be Frederick's strange report, and the other of which is from theory to practice.And then this article analyses the present situation of land-lost farmers and the loss of old-age security rights, the reasons of which are land property rights being not clear, land requisition system being not sound, urban and rural areas being not as a whole and government behavior lacking supervision. At last, it concludes the significance and main content of constructing the system of old-age security of land-lost farmers. By evaluating the mode of old-aged security of land-lost farmers and with comparative analysis method, it draws the mode of sharing bonus from land investment. And then it discusses feasibility of the model mainly as for the theory and practice feasibility of land-use right investment. The theory feasibility is mainly about the theoretical basis analysis, economic analysis and legal analysis, while the practice feasibility is about practice exploration analysis and practice of requirement analysis. Further, by combining the research of rural land shareholding and drawing on the experience of the practice exploration of changing land for social security benefit in Zhejiang province, it describes the old-age security mode of land-lost farmers, which is based on sharing bonus from land investment.At last, the system structure of this old-age security model is discussed, and the main contents include policy system, ownership system, rights subject and social security system. As for the policy system, the key is encouraging the government to speed up the process about land circulation of rural collective and land system innovation, regulating government behavior and standards for land compensation and confirming the policy and rule regard to capital contribution of Land-use right. As for ownership system, the key is confirming the property rights of rural land and ownership of land-use right and proprietary rights and take cards for land property rights. As for rights subject system, it is focused on market pricing of capital contribution of Land-use right, capital gains owned to farmers collective for reasonable allocation and meeting the need of basic life. As for the social security system, the emphasis is on how the bonus shared transfer into social security account, how to strengthen social security fund management and how to clear the pay expands and treatment in the premise of meeting the need of basic life for land-lost farmers.With this mode, the key is clarifying the ownership of land property and the core is clarifying the contracted management of land and land-use right being belong to farmers, and the land ownership being belong to the rural collective. And strengthening the Legal force and weakening administrative power is preconditions. At last perfecting and revising the relevant law is guarantee. While it ensures that the practice elements of this mode realize based on the four points, this mode can be fully implemented. In the implementation process, it needs to research the risk of land investment, which requires that the relevant department should approval strictly and, at the same time, it should have reasonable argumentation and project appraisal. And in the specific investment process, it must take measures to avoid risk.The novel point of this article is combining the research of land shareholding at the present with practice exploration of old-age security for land-lost farmers. The practice exploration is mainly about the practice of land circulation, such as market trading system of rural collective asset called Songzhuang mode in Beijing city. And it is also referred to'changing land for social security benefit'mode in Zhejiang province. It fully combines the mode of exchanging between land and social security benefit and the mode of land shareholding, adopting their good points and avoiding their shortcomings. And at last it will resolve the problem of history payment and follow-up payment and make the land-lost farmers enjoy treatment of urban old-age security system.