The Planning On The Land Reclamation Of The Hyper-Poor Magnetite Deposits At Yinwogou In Luanping County

The mining right project of the hyper-poor magnetite deposits at Yinwogou inLuanping County is a programme newly approved by the department of land and resourcesof Hebei Province in2013through the document of No.662.The development andutilization development and utilization development and utilization development andutilization development and utilization development and utilization development andutilizationdevelopment and utilization programme of the mine has been reviewed andpassed through by geologists and relative experts.In order to carry out the land managementlaw of the People’s Republic of China,the land reclamation regulations issued by the SateCouncil of China and the notice about reinforcing the land reclamation management ofproduction and construction programmes issued by the7departments and committees in theSate Council and accept the entrusting of the Zhenhong Mining Ltd. Company, the planningon the land reclamation of the hyper-poor magnetite deposits at Yinwogou in LuanpingCounty is compiled by the author.The targets of the project are to reclamate timely thedamaged lands by mining,to mine fully the potential abilities of the damaged lands,topromote the intensive and saving utilization of land, to protect and improve the mineecologic environment and to achieve the sustainable developments of mine, society andeconomy.The damaged lands by the mining of the hyper-poor magnetite deposits at Yinwogou inLuanping County are22.8310hm2in total,of which the open pits are17.7800hm2, wastedisposal sites1.8745hm2, wellhead sites0.2040hm2,transportation roads2.4150hm2andtopsoil dumps0.5575hm2. According to the evaluation results of land suitability,thedamaged lands are respectively reclamated into orchards with an area of14.0990hm2, shrublands with an area of1.8745hm2, artificial grasslands with an area of0.5575hm2and othergrasslands with an area of6.3000hm2.The reclamation ratio is100%.After the landreclamation,the areas of orchards, artificial grasslands and other grasslands are respectivelyincreased by14.0990hm2,0.5575hm2and1.7298hm2.But the areas of dry lands, forest lands, shrub lands and mining lands are respectively decreased by0.3953hm2,6.6291hm2,8.2856hm2and1.0763hm2.The reclamation sequences of strip mining platforms are orderly topsoil delamination,topsoil backfill and covering, masonry earth-retaining wall composed of cement mortar andrubble on the outer margin of strip mining platform,removing dangerous stones or unstableloose objects on slopes, real tillage and plant recovering.The Prunus armeniacas growed for2-3years and grafted are planted by the arrangement of2×2m in row and array spacings andthe strip mining platforms are reclamated into orchards. Alfalfa seeds are uniformly sowedin the woodlands by the dosage of30kg/hm2forming shrub and grass overburden. Creepersare planted on the side slopes of open pits by the spacing of0.5m and the side slopes arereclamated into other grasslands.The reclamation sequences of waste disposal sites are orderly topsoil delamination,topsoil backfill and covering, land leveling,masonry earth-retaining wall composed ofcement mortar and rubble on the slope foot of waste disposal site,real tillage and plantrecovering. The earth-retaining wall is1.5m in height over ground and0.8m in depthunderground.The bottom thickness of the earth-retaining wall is1.0m and its top thicknessis0.5m.The earth-retaining wall is arranged in curve facing upstream.Two rows ofdrain-pipes are arranged on the earth-retaining walls in plum blossom shape and with aspacing of2m.The drain-pipes composed of PVC tube are10cm in diameter and theblastholes of the drain-pipes are wraped up by two layers of anti infiltration geotextiles.Amorpha fruticosas are planted on the tillaged waste disposal sites by the row and arrayspacings of2m×2m and the waste disposal sites are reclamated into shrub lands. Alfalfaseeds are uniformly sowed in the shrub lands by the dosage of30kg/hm2forming shrub andgrass overburden.The reclamation sequences of wellhead sites are orderly topsoil delamination, placeclearing, cave mouth plugging, land leveling,topsoil covering, real tillage and plantrecovering. The Prunus armeniacas growed for2-3years and grafted are planted by thearrangement of2×2m in row and array spacings and the wellhead sites are reclamated intoorchards. Alfalfa seeds are uniformly sowed in the woodlands by the dosage of30kg/hm2forming shrub and grass overburden.The reclamation sequences of transportation roads are orderly topsoildelamination,clearing breakstones on roads, land leveling,topsoil covering, real tillage andplant recovering. The Prunus armeniacas growed for2-3years and grafted are planted onthe cultivated lands by the arrangement of2×2m in row and array spacings and the transportation roads are reclamated into orchards. Alfalfa seeds are uniformly sowed in thewoodlands by the dosage of30kg/hm2forming shrub and grass overburden.The reclamation sequences of topsoil dumps are orderly masonry earth-retaining wallcomposed of cement mortar and rubble on the outer margin of topsoil dump, place clearing,real tillage and plant recovering. The earth-retaining wall is1.5m in height over ground and0.8m in depth underground.The bottom thickness of the earth-retaining wall is1.0m and itstop thickness is0.5m.The earth-retaining wall is arranged in curve facing upstream.Tworows of drain-pipes are arranged on the earth-retaining walls in plum blossom shape andwith a spacing of2m.The drain-pipes composed of PVC tubes are10cm in diameter and theblastholes of the drain-pipes are wraped up by two layers of anti infiltration geotextiles.Alfalfa seeds are uniformly sowed on the tillaged lands by the dosage of30kg/hm2reclamating the topsoil dumps into artificial grasslands.If the open mining platforms, wellhead sites and transportation roads are reclamatedinto orchards,the Prunus armeniacas will product fruits in5years and increase economicincome of11.2792×104yuan RMB each year. The waste disposal sites reclamated into shrublands can increase economic income of1.5488×104yuan RMB each year.The open pitslopes and topsoil dumps reclamated into grasslands can increase economic income of1.5840×104yuan RMB each year.After the project is finished,not only the land quality andland productivity will be greatly improved promoting the reasonable utilization of land,butalso the farmers’ incomes and protection levels will be greatly improved.Land reclamationwill improve the damaged geomorphologic landscapes,increase environmental capacity,enhance the abilities of vegetations fixating soil, retaining water, reducing noise, purifyingair, adjusting regional microclimate, improving ecological environment and maintaining theecological balance in the mining area.