Research Functional Flame Retardants Based On The P/N Collaborative Mechanism

Flame retardant is a class of additives to improve the flame retardancy of material. Withthe awareness of environmental protection, the development trend of flame retardantsbecomes halogen-free, low toxicity and low smoke. IFR has a unique mechanism and lowtoxicity, low smoke and the characteristics of halogen free. In this paper, cyclic pHospHatewas prepared, and compound with nitrogen flame retardant and other functional finishingagents, which applied on polyester fabric. The factors affecting the flame retardancy, thermaland mechanical properties such as curing conditions, the amount and ratio of the flameretardant were investigated. This paper can be divided into the following three sections：Firstly, with trimethylolpropane and trimethyl phosphite as raw materials, liquid organicamine as catalyst, the intermediate was synthesized by transesterification. The optimalsynthesis conditions as followings: the reaction time was8hours, the reaction temperaturewas80～85℃, the reactant proportion of Trimethylolpropane and Trimethyl Phosphite was1:1.1, the dosage of triethylamine was2.0%of the amount of Trimethylolpropane. Withintermediates and dimethyl methyl pHospHonic acid as raw materials, the target product wassynthesized by the Arbuzov-Michaelis method synthesis. The optimal synthesis conditions asfollowings: the reaction time was22hours, the reaction temperature was175~180℃, thereactant proportion of intermediate product and dimethyl methylpHospHonate was2.1:1. Thestructure of the compounds were confirmed by IR, and the heat stability was analyzed byTGA.Secondly, the new IFR was compounded of cyclic pHospHate and ammoniumpolypHospHate. Polyester fabric was flame retardant finishing with cyclic pHospHate and thenew IFR. The optimum conditions for finishing with cyclic pHospHate were obtained as pH6,25%of the amount of flame retardants, curing time120s, baking temperature of180℃. Theoptimum conditions for finishing with IFR were obtained as PH6,30%of the amount offlame retardants, curing time180s, baking temperature of180℃, the reactant proportion ofcyclic phosphate and APP was1:0.4. Characterization of the TGA, SEM, DSC indicated that much more residual char with intumescent structure.Finally, the new finishing agent was compounded of the new IFR, waterproofing agents,and softener, and was used to polyester fabric finishing. Organic fluorine TF-4105was thebest waterproofing agent. The optimum finishing processes: the amount of the new IFR was35%, the amount of TF-4105was3%, the amount of silicone-406was5g/L, the bakingtemperature is180℃, curing time was180s.