| China is the second largest number of countries with world heritages. According to the statistics by June,2013, The World Heritage List includes981properties, among which China got45, ranking second after Italy (48), and10natural (a total of193in the world). On the basic of the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural heritage, protection for the landscape value and ecological value of world natural heritage is equally important. Therefore, research on the problem of ecological benefit compensation for the public welfare forest of World Heritage sites has become an urgent need and important practical significance for the protection of world natural heritage. The researches on the protection and utilization at home and abroad put forward the objective existence of world heritage properties, not only we should cherish them, but also use and develop them properly and make the greatest benefit for mankind. Cornering the study on service function and value evaluation of forest ecosystem, scholars mainly focus on the direct use value, indirect use value, option value, bequest value and existence value, etc.Since China Danxia has been inscribed on the World Heritage List in August,2010at34th session of the World Heritage Committee, Danxiashan, as the naming place of Danxia landform, became the only World Natural Heritage in Guangdong Province. It has a total area of292square kilometers, with the core area of168square kilometers and the buffer area of about124square kilometer. The vegetation cover is above80%, even above90%in core area, it maintains the integrity of Danxia landform and forest ecosystem and rare and endangered species of ecological environment. This assay is based on the theories on service function and value evaluation of forest ecosystem, ecological system, resource economics, biological diversity and the microeconomics, investigates the general information and protection status of ecological public welfare forest in Danxiashan, analyzes the results for the effect of ecological benefit compensation for ecological public welfare forest and sustainable development in Danxiashan, and get results by using market valuation method and contingent valuation method scientifically for influencing factors, and finally give advice on how to promote a reasonable and practical way for the protection of ecological public welfare forest in the world natural heritage.The thesis focuses on2aspects for this research topic. On one hand, use value of ecological benefits. On the basis of formula in the Assessment Specifications of Forest Ecosystem Service Function (LY/T1721-2008) issued by National Forestry Bureau, we calculate each index of forest ecological benefit of Danxiashan, and get the result of3.8billion yuan in2012, and per unit area of ecological benefit value is0.109million yuan/hm2.a. On the other hand, non-use value of ecological benefit. It mainly uses the contingent valuation method (CVM), we acquire people’s maximum willingness to pay for non-market goods or minimum willingness to accept through constructing a hypothetical market and questionnaire survey. I adopt a method using face to face interviews, investigate500households in Shaoguan City, and476papers are valid. According to the survey, the average willingness to pay for forest ecological benefit in Danxiasha is205.45yuan per household. According to the calculation of the average value in Shaoguan City, we can conclude the non-use value of the forest ecological benefit in Danxiashan is150.7million yuan per year. Through research of use value and non use value of ecological benefit of public welfare forest in Danxiashan, the result shows that the total ecological benefit of public welfare forest in Danxiashan is3.237billion yuan, and the unit area is0.115million yuan/hm2.a.The assay makes logistic regression with all single variables and payments through SPSS statistics software, and after we remove the insignificant variables we build up logistic model to analysis the effect of the willingness to pay. Results show that there are6main factors will influence the willingness to pay, namely are income, education level, understanding on public welfare forest, confidence level to government, environment attention, the improvement public welfare forest gave to ecological environment. We found a positive correlation between those factors and the willingness to pay, higher income, higher the level of education, more attention to the environment, more trust to government and more belief in the improvement the city’s ecological environment, people would get higher willingness to pay. Based on the study above, I would like to put forward five advices for world natural heritage public welfare forest Firstly, consummate policies on public welfare forest compensation, sound marketing trading mechanism; secondly, increase compensation standard and enhance villagers’ protection willingness; thirdly, draw up scientific management aims and further strengthen the protection for world heritage properties; fourthly, bring up the concept of ecological products and promote people’s understanding and their willingness to pay; and finally, improve the compensation mechanism of ecological benefit and speed up state-owned management process. |
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