Research On Laser Cutting Technology Of Natural Diamond Tools

Natural diamond has a series of outstanding performances like high hardness andstrength, great wear resistance, excellent thermal conductivity, minimum blade edgesradius, etc, which make Natural diamond an irreplaceable tool materials inultra-precision machining. Nevertheless, these qualities of natural diamond result insome disadvantages in machining it, for example, the efficiency of processing is verylow, the loss during processing it is high and the consequence of segmentation isunstable. These problems have increased the cost of the natural diamond tools andseriously hampered the development of ultra-precision machining by limiting theutilization of natural diamond crystals. Therefore, the key technology about how tosegment natural diamond with a high-quality and efficiently is becoming more and moreimportant in fabricating natural diamond tools.First, this thesis is based on the study of natural diamond and proceeds with thestart of analyzing the procedure of segmenting and machining natural diamond withlaser. What’s more, the ablation threshold of natural diamond can be estimatedtheoretically. Experiments on slotting natural diamond is carried out to test and verifythe ablation threshold in theory.Then, according to the theory of segmentation and machining by laser and heattransfer axiom, the appropriate finite element model is built for the essential processparameters. The procedure of segmenting natural diamond using laser is simulated byANSYS to show the affection to the temperature distribution as the process parameterschange. And the variation trend of the temperature distribution of natural diamond in acorresponding process parameters is obtained.Finally, technology experiments are designed for cutting natural diamond withdifferent process parameters. Detections on the depth, width and machining quality ofgrooves is carried out to study the effect of different process parameters on theprocessing depth, quality and efficiency. So that the optimum technical parameter isobtained and make it possible to double the efficiency of cutting natural diamond and tosegment natural diamond in a high quality and efficiency way. Meanwhile, the bestprocess parameters gained by experiments helps us to accomplish the technical cuttingof complex tracks like the rough segmentation of rounded diamond cutting tool, the cutting of natural diamond micro-milling tool and the fabrication of natural diamondmicro structure.