The Fauna And Species Biodiversity Of Moth In Xinjiang

Xinjiang has the special fauna and flora for the unique ecological and climatic conditions. With an important statues,Lepidoptera usually be treat as indicator at many ecosystem,for their fluctuation may figure the variance of the environment. Biodiversity and fauna of moths in Xinjiang were surveyed by collating and identifying the specimen accumulated for many years, combineing our data with other documents and literature. We analyse the fauna composition and changes on biodiversity based on Shihezi that spaned 30 years and its seasonal variable through one year. The results shows as follow:1. 549 species of moths belonging to 245 genera, 12 families were indentified in Xinjiang, Noctuidae occupied the most percentage, contained 364 species belonging to 135 genera. Faunistic analyses shows that the moth fauna of Xinjiang has Palaearctic species as it principal part at the level of world zoogeographical regions, with typical Palaearctic feature, account for 434 species. In the zoogeographic regions of China, the relations of moths from Xinjiang is the most closest to the Mongolia-Xinjiang Region, with 245 species totally. Compared the moths similarity with the neighborhood or surrounding areas, the highest percentage with Mongolia accounting for 23.9%, then with Russia accounting for 21.3%, however, there were lower similarity with Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, Tadzhikistan and Kashmir, the sum of the four regions only accounting for 9.8%. At last, during the analysis of each family’s distribution in each fauna, pyralidae and Geometridae distributed more evenly and Palaearctic feature isn’t obvious while others fluctuated drasticly and Palaearctic has dominanted advantage. The Xinjiang fauna is mainly influenced by the Yanshan Orogeny, the Himalayas Orogency whose raising obstructed the exchanges of species, and Glacier motion whose alternate occurrence accelerate the exchanges of species.2. Form the periodic collecting of moth each month at Daquangou located at the suburb of Shihezi, there are 1399 individuals belonging to 76 species through the whole year. The amount of species reach to the climax in July amount to 42 species, as for the most individuals amount to 595 in August. At the calculation of biodiversity indices in each month, July has the highest biodiversity. At the correspondence analysis between month and their common species, the most common species in April is Orthosia incerta. The most common species in May and June are Discestra trifolii, Discestra stigmosa, Holcocerus nobilis. when July and August coming, the most common species are Agrotis segetum, Helicoverpa armigera, Xestia c-nigrum, Emmelia trabealis, Phragmatobia fuliginosa, Axylia putris. As to the September and October are Xanthia ocellaris, Rhizedra lutosa.3. On the research about the urbanization’s influence on the moth distribution in Shihezi, the suburban Mosuowan has 102 species from 1982 to 1983, while at downtown of Shihezi has 79 species in the same years, as to the year 2002 to 2003, the downtown of Shihezi has 135 soecies. The biodiversity indices of the three areas above shows that the Mosuowan in 1982-1983 > Shihezi in 1982-1983> Shihezi in 2002-2003. We use multiple correspondence analysis to test the relationship of predominant species in predominant families between different areas, the result shows: celerio hippophaes mainly distributed at Mosuowan in 1982-1983, Xestia c-nigrum and Cerura przewalskyi has no distribution at downtown of Shihezi in 1982-1983, Discestra trifolii, Agrotis segetum, Phalera bucephala、Smerinthus kindermannii、Eilicrinia cordiaria、Stegania dalmataria mainly distributed at downtown of Shihezi in 1982-1983, Siona dalmataria only distributed at Shihezi in 2002-2003...