Taxonomy And Molecular Phylogeny Of Kretzschmaria And Nemania From China

The Xylariaceae is one of the largest family in the Ascomycota, which is widespread throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. The two genera Kretzschmaria and Nemania were included in this study. So far, 45 species in the genus Kretzschmaria and 56 species in Nemania have been found in the world, but only 6 species(4 species found in Taiwan) of the former and 13 species(10 species in Taiwan) of the later were found in China, its species diversity and definition, geographic distribution, and host are poorly known. The morphologic characters of twenty-eight species of more than 110 specimens of the two genera were described, and the studies of molecular biology based on ITS and RPB2 sequences were segregated from some species and built the phylogenetic tree. In this project, the phylogeny and species diversity of the two genera of Kretzschmaria and Nemania in China were investigated, providing some evidences for the recognitions of genera in the family Xylariaceae. The main results are summarized as follows:Twelve Kretzschmaria species were recognized, among them 2 species were new to science: Kretzschmaria ailaoensis and K. lingleensis; 4 species were new to China: K. milleri, K. sandvicensis, K. lucidula, K. macrosperma; 2 species were new to Chinese mainland: K. neocaledonica and K. zonata. Deteiled descriptions, discussions and illustrations of the recognized species were provided. Keys to these species are also presented.Sixteen Nemania species were recognized, among them 4 species were new to science: Nemania subserpens, N. jigongensis, N. baishanensis, N. limuensis; 6 species were new to China: N. aenea var. macrospora, N. confluens, N. angusta, N. plumbea, N. illita, N. nummularioides; 3 species were new to Chinese mailand: N. bipapillata, N. diffusa, N. primolutea. Similarly, Deteiled descriptions, discussions, illustrations and keys of these species were presented.Phylogenetic analysis of the two genera Kretzschmaria and Nemania were employed based on ITS and RPB2 sequences. The results of constructed the phylogenetic tree showed that Kretzschmaria and Nemania both are closely related to the genus Xylaria, and all belonged to the Xylariaceous fungi in Xylariaceae. Most species of a genus formed a monophyletic clade. The molecular phylogeny did not reveal any contradictions in relation to the morphological data about the relationship of the genera and the new species.