| Scytosiphon lomentaria is a member of Phaeophyta, which was distributed from the Baltic Sea to the coast of Australian and Chile, and it was distributed from Liaodong Peninsula in the north to Hailing Island of Guangdong province in the south around the most of coastal areas in China. S. lomentaria has the life history of alternation of heteromorphic generations, namely macro gametophyte (thallus) generation and micro sporophyte (filaments, cushion, cushion-like) generation. S. lomentaria is a kind of algae with delicious taste and high value, moreover the content of protein can reach as high as 19.71%, which is much higher than of Hizikia fusiformis(14.9%)and Laminar ia japonica(8.7%). Meanwhile, it shows high activity in antivirus, such as Herpes simplex and Sindbis, and high activity in antitumor that the tumor cell inhibitory rate can reach as high as 80% in A-549 and HL-60 tumor, moreover the high antioxidant activity to the linoleic acid peroxidation. Therefore, S. lomentaria is a type of economic algae with great potential to develop.The filaments of S. lomentaria are one type of the sporophyte, which can form the unilocular sporangium and release zoospores, and then develop into the thalli. Therefore, the filaments play a significant role for S. lomentaria factory breeding. Thus, in this paper, on the premis of understanding the life history and biological characteristics of S. lomentaria, with the germplasm of S. lomentaria preserved by our laboratory, the research of effects of culture media on the growth and sporangia development of filaments of S. lomentaria are emphasized. The results could lay the foundation of the choice of culture media and optimization in the process of rapid amplification of filaments of S. lomentaria and industrialized breeding production. In addition, the effects of plant hormones on the fast growth of filaments of S. lomentaria were also studied in this paper, which could supply theoretical basis and technique support for the choice of growth promoter and optimization in the process of rapid growth of filaments of S. lomentaria. The results of this thesis were as follows:1. L1 was the optimal culture medium for the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria in the five culture media, while f/2 and ESNW culture media were not fit for their growth and development. The filaments of S. lomentaria were dark brown and the cytoplasm was plentiful when the filaments were cultured in L1 medium, the increasing ratio of filament biomass was 560.48%, the sporangial branchlets ratio and the sporangium diameter could reach up to 46.88%,18.95μm, respectively, after being cultured in L1 culture medium for 28 days; Whereas, the filaments grew worse that the pigment was undertint and the cytoplasm was constriction, the sporangium diameter was only 8.00～10.00μm and the sporangial branchlets ratio were just 10.15% and 8.05%, respectively, when the filaments were cultured in f/2 and ESNW culture media.2. Under the condition of setting adding concentrations of NO3--N (NaNO3) (0.00～192.OOmg/L), the optimal concentration of NO3-N for the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria was 6.00mg/L. Under the concentration, the filaments could grow rapidly and the filaments of S. lomentaria were dark brown, moreover the sporangial branchlets ratio could achieve 46.78% and the sporangium diameter could increase to 18.78μm after being cultured for 20 days. Whereas, the filaments grew worse that the pigment of the filaments of S. lomentaria was undertint with the addition of NO3--N at the concentrations of 0.00,96.00 and 192.00mg/L, the sporangial branchlets ratio were just 0.00%,9.06% and 7.65%, respectively, and the sporangium diameter were only about 9.00～10.00μm (96.00mg/L,192.00mg/L NO3--N) after being cultured for 20 days.3. Under the condition of setting adding concentrations of PO43--P(NaH2PO4) (0.00～95.04mg/L), the optimal addition concentration of PO43--P for the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria was 1.32mg/L. Under the concentration, the filaments could grow rapidly, moreover the filaments of S. lomentaria were dark brown, the sporangial branchlets ratio could achieve 47.12%, the sporangium diameter was 18.89μm after being cultured for 20 days. However, the sporangial branchlets ratio was only 18.89μm and the sporangium diameter was just 9.78μm after being cultured for 20 days with the addition of PO43--P at 0.00 mg/L, and the filaments of S. lomentaria turned virescent, the cells were cytoclasis and there was no formation of the sporangial branchlets with the addition of PO43--P exceeding 15.84mg/L4. Three metallic elements(Fe, Mn, Cu) had promoting effects on the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria, in which Fe element showed the best effects in promotion the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria. The optimal concentrations of three metallic elements(Fe, Mn, Cu) to promote the growth and development of filaments were 0.76,0.08 and 6.4×10-4mg/L, respectively. It had a little inhibitory effects on the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria with the high concentrations of Mn2+(0.64mg/L) and Cu2+(5.12×10-3 mg/L).5. Under the condition of setting concentrations of vitamin (Vb1, Vb12, VH), low concentrations of vitamin (2.5×10-7mg/L) played a role in promoting the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria, and the high concentrations of Vb1 (5.0×10-3mg/L) and Vb12 (2.5×10-4mg/L) had no the inhibiting effects on the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria, while the high concentration of VH (2.5×10-4mg/L) showed certain inhibiting effects on the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria. The optimal concentrations of three vitamin (Vb1, Vb12, VH) to promote the growth and development of filaments were 5.0×10-5,2.5×10-6 and 2.5×10-6mg/L, respectively.6. The growth conditions of filaments of S. lomentaria were different under the varied concentrations of L1 culture medium. The filaments of S. lomentaria turned virescent and cytoclasis, meanwhile was attached by many bacteria and the black impurities when the filaments were cultured in the 1/2L1 and 4L1 culture media, respectively. Under the condition setting concentrations of L1 culture medium,2L1 culture medium was the most beneficial to the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria.7. The plant growth regulator played an important role in the growth and development of filaments of S. lomentaria.0.01 mg/L IAA,0.2mg/L NAA and 4.0mg/L 6-BA played the biggest role in promoting the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria that the daily average growth rate was significantly higher than other concentrations, moreover the promoting effects were not significant in the high plant hormones as IAA(0.5mg/L), NAA (0.5mg/L) and 6-BA (8.0mg/L), respectively. However, KT inhibited the growth of filaments of S. lomentaria, and the inhibiting effects were more remarkable in the higher concentrations of KT.8. Culture medium had played an important role in the sporangia formation and development of filaments of S. lomentaria in the reproductive stage of S. lomentaria. L1 was the optimal culture medium for the sporangia formation and development of filaments of S. lomentaria in the L1, PES, F1, f/2 and ESNW culture media; The addition concentrations of 24.00mg/L NO3--N and 5.28mg/L PO43--P were the most suitable for the sporangia formation and development of filaments of S. lomentaria; N/P ratio of 1:2 was the most suitable N/P ratio for the sporangia formation and development of filaments of S. lomentaria.9. The plant hormones played an important role in the formation and development of filaments of S. lomentaria. The filaments of S. lomentaria had the highest sporangial branchlets ratio and the biggest sporangium diameter at the concentrations of 0.05mg/L IAA,0.3mg/L NAA and 6.0mg/L 6-BA, respectively. |
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