Territoriality Of Brown Shrike (Lanius Cristatus) At Maoer Mountain Plantation Of Northeast Forestry University

This is a territorialism research regarding lanius cristatus of Maoer mountain, Heilongjiang province from May to July,2014. The observation and recordance was executed in the morning, forenoon and afternoon. SPSS was used for data processing and analysis of territory change in each phase of breeding season of each nest, territory overlap of each nest, the closest distance between the territory birds and the nest and the closest distance between the nests.Territorialism behaviors of 12 nests lanius cristatus in research region were observed and record by this research. It can be found that territorialism of lanius cristatus are different in different phase of breeding season via the observation of territorialism behaviors of 12 nests lanius cristatus. The territorialism of early breeding season was the strongest of all phases then the territorialism become weak during the incubation time; when the nestlings’ hatching, the territorialism strengthened again and weakened with the growth of the nestlings, afterwards, the territorialism strengthened again when the nestlings were going to leave the nest; after the nestlings left the nest, they flew around the nest at first, so, the adults guarded around the nest, in order to drive out the invaders. When the young birds could fly, the adults’territorialism weakened with the growth of young birds.The nests of lanius cristatus mainly spread over the edge of the farmland, then the land of schisandra chinensis and the edge of the road, and 5 couples built their nests on the land of schisandra chinensis. This thesis adopts Odum area calculating method to calculate the area of territory, the outermost points of all live sites of every territory birds will be linked to form the territory of every bird. One of the 12 nests is far from others, and there’s no territory overlap, so we just focus on the other 11 nests to calculate the size and the change of the area of territories. The result showed that at incubation time, the territories are bigger than brooding time. The differences between incubation time and brooding time of the territories of the 5 nests on the land of schisandra chinensis are unconspicuous, besides, the others are conspicuous. Meanwhile, the result showed that the territory overlap is a usual phenomenon between every nests at incubation time and brooding time. Based on the calculation, at incubation time the overlap area is bigger than brooding time.A independence t test was conducted for 8 nests which have both incubation time and brooding time. The result showed that the otherness of the 8 nests is remarkable (0.05>P>0.01). Meanwhile, another independence t test was conducted for the 4 nests on the land of schisandra chinensis. The result showed that the otherness of the 4 nests is not remarkable (p>0.05). The otherness of the rest 4 nests is extremely remarkable (P<0.01).Based on the measurement and analysis of the closest nest spacing of 11 nests, there is no difference of nest spacing between incubation time and brooding time (p>0.05). So, even the loss of some nests made lead to a change of nest spacing of several nests, there’s no influence on the whole.Relevance analysis was conducted respectively for the area of nest territories and nest spacing. Based on the analysis of nest spacing of No.1-No.10 nest, the relevance between the area of nest territories and nest spacing at incubation time is remarkable (0.05>p>0.01), while there is no relevance between the area of nest territories and nest spacing at brooding time of No.1, No.3, No.4, No.5, No.6, No.7, No.9, No.10, No.11 nest.A independence t test of distance between nests and habitat was conducted for 8 nests which have both incubation time and brooding time. The result showed that the otherness of No.1 nest (p=0.048) and No.4 nest (p=0.039) is remarkable, the otherness of No.3 nest (p=0.005) is extremely remarkable, the otherness of No.5 nest, No.6 nest, No.7 nest, No.9 nest and No.10 nest (p=0.005) nearly not exist. Meanwhile, a independence t test of closest nest spacing was conducted for No.4 nest and No.5 nest, the result showed that the otherness is extremely remarkable.The extent of reaction of lanius cristatus to the heterogenous intruders was classified into four grades.That is R0,R1,R2,R3. Based on the observation, only few kinds of birds were rejected by territory birds, and the relationship between territory owner and streptopelia orientalis, motacilla alba, oriolus chinensis would be changed in different circumstance. The food foundation and hunt way of oriolus chinensis, barn swallow and hirundo daurica are similar to lanius cristatus, but barn swallow and hirundo daurica are nearly irrelevant with lanius cristatus, oriolus chinensis are very few. The territory of streptopelia orientalis and parus major was overlapped with the territory of lanius cristatus, and have high extent of reaction, but there has little influence, because the food foundation and hunt way of them are entirely different. We Observed that lanius cristatus and Accipiter virgatus is the equal of prey and predators, Accipiter virgatus used to prey on chicks of lanius cristatus.