Molecular Phylogenetics Of Penicillia On Phylloplane From Tibet And Shaanxi Provinces In China

Penicillium is an important genus of Trichocomaceae, which plays an important role inhuman life and medical industries. They can occur in indoor environment and result in moldyfood products and produce mycotoxins, moreover, some of them can be human’sopportunistic pathogen. Penicillium currently contains more than250species, are divided intosubgenus Penicillium and Aspergilloides which are divided into25groups.Many speciesshowing sexual and asexual states, which brought a lot of confusion to traditionalclassification. There are still controversies in some species concepts. While scholars mainlyfocused on studying the diversity of yeast on plant leaves, but few studying the diversity ofpenicillia on leaves.Leave samples were collected from Shaanxi, Tibet, Hubei, Guizhou Provinces in2012.More than600strains of molds were isolated and purified, We selected38representativeisolates for further taxonomic study.The plants were identified as Berberis sp.，Rhododendron sp.，Cerasus sp.，Lindera obtusiloba，Cotoneaster sp.，Quercus palustris，Betula utilis, respectively.Our molecular phylogenetic studies based on ITS1–5.8S–ITS2rRNA sequences, part of Calmodulin sequences (CaM) and beta–tubulin (BenA) sequences.The main results of our study are as follows:1. Phylogenetics studies show that38stains were classified in3sections: sectionAspergilloides, Section Brevicompacta and Section Sclerotiora.These38stains wereidentified as8known species: P. glabrum、P. viticola、P. bialowiezense、P. brevicompactum、P. spathulatum、P. flavescens、P. yezoense and P. lividum. And4new species were discovered:P. kongii L. Wang, sp.nov.、P. qii L. Wang, sp.nov.、P. fusisporum L. Wang, sp.nov. and P.zhuangii L. Wang, sp.nov. Moreover, a new combinatin species P. flavescens (S. Abe) L.Wang, comb. nov. was also verified. And3Chinese new record species: P. guanacastense、P.bialowiezense and P. spathulatum were added to the diversity of penicillia in our country.2. CaM,BenA and ITS1–5.8S–ITS2PCR sequences were uploaded to Genbank and theaccession numbers are: KC427136–KC427195；KF302630–KF302659；KF769400–KF769436.3. PCR amplification of CaM, BenA and ITS1–5.8S–ITS2regions were implimented in phylogenetic analysis in this study, each of them local sequences was drawn phylogenetic treecomparing with type species.Molecular identification of Penicillium results showed that itwas consistent with traditional morphological taxonomy.