Microsatellite Markers Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Gazella Subgutturosa Yarkandensis Populations In Xinjiang, China

The goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) is one of the medium-sizedantelopes that lived in arid and semi-arid habitats on the Eurasian Continent, whichbelongs to genus of (Gazella), subfamily of (Antilopinae), family of (Bovidae) andorder of (Artiodactyla).This species is listed on the International Union forConservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), former Soviet Union(USSR),(USDI) Red List and Chinese Red Data Book as vulnerable (VU). It is alsolisted as Category II species under the Wild Animal Protection Law of China in1989.They located in the Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin, Altun Mountain, Kunlun Mountain,Qaidam Basin in Qinghai, western Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Ningxia, the westerndesert region and other places In our country. And the Gazella subgutturosayarkandensis which only located in Tarim Basin is endemic to China.The populationnumbers have drastically decreased due to the habitat loss, excessive hunting,poaching and the increase in human population and associated activities in recentyears. Therefore, how study and protect the existing population and habitat perfectlyis become the focus of future research.In this study using a non-invasive sampling techniques, we extracted DNA froma total of58fecal samples and15muscle samples which was collected in threepopulatin(Hami, hejing, Qiemo) of Gazella subgutturosa yarkandensis and studiedgenetic diversity using13microsatellite markers. Total of10pairs of highlypolymorphic microsatellite loci of Gazella subgutturosa yarkandensis were screenedand a rounded individual identification system was established for goitered gazellefaecal samples. All58facal samples were from49individuals through individual identification. The average recognition rate (DP) of10individual sites was0.918, thecumulative rate of individual identification (CDP) was0.9992. A total of57alleleswere detected，the average number of alleles (A) was5.7±1.3375(5~8)；The averageeffective number of alleles (Ne)为4.72±0.6903(3.68~5.76)；The average expectedheterozygosity (He) was0.719±0.0583(0.5862~0.7627)；The average polymorphicinformation content (PIC) was0.719±0.0583(0.661~0.819). It could be concludedthat Hami population’s microsatellite genetic diversity (A=5.7±1.3375、Ne=4.82±0.8700、He=0.8043±0.0525、Ho=0.7846±0.0608、PIC=0.75±0.0576) was slightlyhigher than the Hejing population’s (A=5.3±0.9487、Ne=4.35±±0.7669、He=0.7700±0.0582、 Ho=0.7639±0.0889、PIC=0.727±0.0574)， but wassignificantly higher than the Qiemo population’s (A=4.7±0.675、Ne=3.82±0.5564、He=0.711±0.0874、Ho=0.6615±0.0806、PIC=0.67±0.0869)。Except the deviationin0arFCB304sites of Hejing population, and in BM1818position of Qiemopopulations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, others were basicly complianced withthis balance. Genetic distance between Hami and Hejing was further than Hejing,Qiemo populations, also the same in similarity.