| Seed is not only the most basic material in agricultural production, but also an important vehicle for modern high technology. Each green revolution of agricultural production is intimately connected with seed innovation. Under the international background that China's joined WTO, study on new mechanisms of seed management, extension and application of varieties is evidently a significant task to professionals on seed research and management. This dissertation, based on the developing trend of international seed industry and the historical evolution of Huzhou seed industry, made a thorough research on a series of problems of seed management and extension of new varieties. After a comprehensive analysis of a large number of statistical data and historical investigation on extension management and structural change of varieties of grain and oil crop in Huzhou, it revealed the process and characteristics of evolution of grain and oil crops in Huzhou. Moreover, it made clear the development orientation and countermeasure for Huzhou seed management and seed industrial development during the new periods. The main results were listed as follows:1. The advanced seed management systems and industrialization modes of the developed countries in the world offered us effective helps to set up a modern seed industry system with Chinese characteristics. Such as America, Holand, Germany, France, Japan, England , Denmark, Switzerland and Sweden etc. They have established seed industry systems with core competition power. Accordingly, modern seed management system and its correlated theories, which have reached a considerably high level, are mainly found in countries with highly developed economy.2. The evolvement process and characteristics of grain and oil crops in Huzhou: Huzhou has a long history of agricultural civilization with complicated ecological conditions. There are various crop varieties and rich germplasm resources by means of continuous domesticating and screening. The native varieties were dominant before the foundation of New China. The varietyselection and trait evolution were mainly through natural selection. After the foundation of PRC, however, many artificial bred varieties took the place of local native ones, and the variety selection and character improvement were carried out with specific aims in a planned way.3. The role of grain and oil varieties in Huzhou City. Survey on the history of grain & oil production, we made a conclusion that whether the unit area production enhanced by raising multiple crop index, or quarterly crop yield increased by utilizing new technology or cultivation methods, the increase of total output must be based on selection of appropriate varieties. Due to varietal diversity, cropping system of our city's grain & oil production changed from single cropping system to double, triple cropping systems, and then to double cropping system, and nowadays it ultimately developed into several high-efficient cropping systems co-existent. Additionally, economic benefit of agricultural planting based on the increase of grain & oil output by multi-harvest systems were now turned to the co-existence of single cropping and diversified operation. Undoubtedly, variety played a significant effect on the increase of crop yield production during a period of time. Firstly, annual yield of unit cultivated land and yearly single-cropping production both increased greatly than before. Secondary, the vertical comparative benefits of grain and oil crops got continuously increasing at the same time. In conclusion, variety played an irreplaceable role in agricultural production.4. Development and evolution of seed business in Huzhou. The seed work and developing history of Huzhou seed industry were summarized in detail by means of investigating and consulting relevant literature. The dissertation made a systematical analysis and assessment on the developing process of seed industry, popularization of good varieties and development of crop production in Huzhou since the foundation of PRC.5. The developing direction and strategies for Huzhou seed management and seed industry: The seed industry of HuZhou had the experience from natural development before 1949 to planned economy after 1949, and then to marketeconomy nowadays. The seed management, however, went through the process from disorder to order, from ruling by men to ruling by law. At present, the seed industry is faced with the developing problem at critical time. The government, as guide and supervisor of construction of modern seed system, should create a fair competitive environment for different competition corpus. Acting as a primary part in the market, seed corporations must a) obey market rules and follow market orders;b) discard the inferior thought of reliance on government;c) strengthen and mature itself through market competition;d) have innovative thought and competitive business mode;e) afford excellent quality and price seeds with high-product and high-efficiency to farmers in china and the other countries;f) play its important role in the rising of Chinese seed industry. |
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