Research On The Labor Economy And The Hierarchical Transformation Of The Rural Labor Force In Hunan

The rural labor economy refers to the economic activity that rural workers provide service for entities or individuals other than their families and thus earn income. The Marxism theory of labor force commodity is the rationale basis of the development of the labor economy.Using the fundamental theory of labor economy, this thesis analyzes the basic situation and the major issues in the development of labor economy in our province based on intensive investigation. It points out that the current labor migration is still a simple transfer of the employment location which doesn't change the nature of the labor force. The thesis proposes the concepts of the first, second and hierarchical transformation of the rural labor force, and further analyzes the relationship among the three transformations, as well as the significance of facilitating the second transformation of rural labor force, its internal momentum, and the major approaches to realize the second transformation. The second transformation of rural labor force is the process that rural workers, after enhancing their work skill through human capital investment in the first transformation, migrate to higher-level industries (such as capital-intensive, technology-intensive, emerging, and tertiary industries), and become urban industrial workers or self-guided employees. This process is facilitated by the adjustment of the market mechanism and policy guidance, and occurs with the flow of occupation, change of status, and the migration of residence. Guiding the rural labor force that experienced the first transformation towards emerging and tertiary industries will broaden their employment fields and increase the employment capacity. It will also provide employment opportunities for the first transformation of more forthcoming rural labors, thus forming the healthy transformation cycle of "migrate-grow-accumulate-transfer-migrate again". Finally, this thesis also proposes some specific policy suggestions which might be helpful to guide and facilitate the transformations, which includes the establishment of society security systems that covers urban and rural areas as a whole, the reform of rural education system, and the facilitation of planned backfiow of rural labor force after the first transformation.