Study On The Road Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Based On Multi-Sensor Data Fusion

With the development of highway construction, road maintenance is also accompanied by a variety of tasks, in particular, some highways have entered a period of repair or overhaul. The three-dimensional measurement technology has basically met the requirements of Pavement Management System, Intelligent Transportation system (ITS) and increasingly sophisticated pavement evaluation. But, as the backward road reconstruction, a large number of detection data can not be applied to the roads maintenance and repair. At present, pavement reconstruction is developing to multi-sensor information fusion stage. We research on the latest digital pavement reconstruction technology, it not only can meet our increasing needs for road maintenance and repair, but also has great significance to improving road assessment level and promoting the development of ITS technology.Pavement is a three-dimensional body, under the three-dimensional road coordinate system with the profiling be x-axis, cross-sectional be y-axis and the relative height be z-axis, the three-dimensional reconstruction of road can be simplified to the cross-sectional reconstruction, vertical section reconstruction and height reconstruction. Based on the reconstruction technology, the three layers reconstruction model including texture layer, section layer and GPS layer is introduced. Each layer has the different accuracy and reflects the different road information, so the road needs to integrate GPS information(latitude, longitude and altitude) in order to restore the true road, integrate the section information to obtain the pavement information (rut, roughness, etc.) and integrate the texture information to get the road details (texture, cracks, etc.). In this paper, the full-range visualization reconstruction of road has been achieved by using multi-information fusion.By studying the accuracy and integrality of the pavement reconstruction, this paper gives a continuous and precision positioning technology with integration of GPS and INS. By analyzing the GPS error, this paper had made the conclusion that the most serious factor causing error is signal interruption. In this paper, achieved using the inertial navigation system features, though the GPS signal is interrupted, we can position on the road, the integrality of the data acquisition and the integrality and continuity of the pavement reconstruction have been ensured. The traditional road mileage positioning uses photoelectric encoder to achieve, this method is high precision in the straights. But the curve plays a major part in the reality road.Due to the difference of the mileage between inside lane and outside lane, the errors in the long-distance positioning have been accumulated and positioning accuracy is getting lower and lower. In this paper, we use GPS with gyroscope to solve the problem of error accumulation, increase the accuracy of the mileage positioning.The traditional three-dimensional pavement reconstruction reflects part of the road information, it is difficult to establish a intuitionistic three-dimensional model. The real road includes texture, smoothness, rut, road type, altitude, mileage, and more. In this paper, based on OpenGL, a three-dimensional visualization of digital road is generated, it provides the man who maintains road with a effective reference.