Research On Ant-Colony Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a very popular research field in recent years, which has great applications at daily life and military field. Throughout the history of the network development, how to apply is an emphasis, it can promote wireless network technological in the worldwide. The application area of WSN:military field, industrial field, agriculture field, intelligent transportation field, family field and health field, as well as environmental protection field, etc.WSN has significant different with traditional wireless network (Ad hoc), it is reason that the energy of sensor is poor and only use one time, When we use sensor in the war, volcanoes or outer space, the node battery doesn't replace by a new one. Therefore, it is important that design an energy-efficient routing protocol for WSN.WSN routing protocols mainly focus on QoS now, which don't fully consider energy until now. Therefore, we introduce ant colony optimization (ACO) to WSN routing algorithm, the reason is that ACO is parallel algorithm, positive feedback and robust, so that it can reduce energy consumption, there are some aspects as follows:1) Firstly, we study development status of WSN and analyze WSN architecture and technologies; meantime, we study design requirements of routing protocols in the aspect of WSN, and classify routing protocols according to different design requirements; we also study a typical WSN routing protocol:Directed Diffusion (DD).2) Secondly, we describe the basic principles of ACO, and improve the pheromone selection formula of ACO, the local pheromone update rule and the global pheromone update rule based on existing ACO. Ant colony system (ACS) is quicker convergence than ACO proved by the simulation, we also study the advantages of WSN routing algorithm included ACS.3) Finally, we present an ant-colony routing protocol for WSN (ACRP). We present the model of sensor node, data-packet rule and transmission rule. Meantime, we analyze time and space complexity of ACRP, and prove the ACRP convergence by mathematical. At last, ACRP has better network lifetime and packet transmission than DD proved by the simulation.