A Geographic Routing Protocol In Ad Hoc Networks

Ad Hoc Network is a wireless mobile network which works in the unstructured and self-organization environment. Many problems need to be solved in the ad hoc network research field, such as routing protocol, saving energy, network security. Routing protocol study is especially the most extensive and in-depth among them.Ad hoc geographic routing has rapidly developed in recent years mainly because it can choose routes independently, avoid flooding and has good extensibility and adaptability. However, geographic routing faces a local minimum problem when greedy forwarding strategy fails. To solve this problem, we propose a geographic routing protocol called Geographic Ad Hoc Routing protocol (GAR). And we get GALMR protocol by improving GAR protocol.According to GPSR protocol, GAR protocol divides the routing regions and makes use of the slope forwarding strategy. As a result, the scope of the search is narrowed, and the paths are optimized. GALMR protocol takes advantage of landmarks to reduce the hops of routing paths, the performance of the GAR protocol is improved.To analyze the performance of GAR protocol and GALMR protocol, we simulate the GPSR, GAR and GALMR protocols on NS2 simulation system. The simulation results show that GALMR protocol has high data packet arrival rate and low average end-to-end delay.