| As a means of media communication, news broadcasting plays an important role in guiding public opinion; at the same time, as a phenomenon of language application, news broadcasting has its own characteristics in ways of language choice-making and language application.Most of the studies on news focus on analyzing the components of news broadcasting from a perspective of media communication. Besides, many studies on news are pursued from a linguistic perspective. Nevertheless, most of these linguistic studies on news broadcasting are static, and explanation on the dynamic process of news broadcasting is needed; secondly, most comparative studies on Chinese and English news are limited to news translation of the same source, which are not scientific enough for news study featured by one function of guiding public opinion through news production by different sources; thirdly, the existing studies on news have no description on pictorial elements of news broadcasting, which is indispensable to the dynamic process of news broadcasting.Therefore, this thesis aims to conduct a comparative study on news broadcasting of hour news from CCTV News and BBC World with Verschueren's pragmatic adaptation theory as the analyzing tool. Firstly, a comparative analysis on linguistic choices on voice and intonation, wording, sentence structure and text organization and contextual choices on the management on temporal and spatial references, the use of artifacts and the gestures and appearances of anchorpersons is conducted; and then, Verschueren's pragmatic adaptation theory is applied to explain the different degree of adaptation with respect to audience's mental world, social world and the communicative channel. Besides, the effectiveness of these different choices in news broadcasting from CCTV News and BBC World in producing desirable news context will also be stated here.Through an analysis of the differences on linguistic and contextual levels in news broadcasting of the hour news from CCTV News and BBC World, this thesis holds that those differences could result in different effectiveness of news broadcasting.At linguistic level: in the aspect of voice and intonation, news broadcasting of BBC World is rich in changes in voice and rhythm, making audience figure out the informative items easily and attracting audience's attention, while CCTV News has no such rich changes in voice and rhythm, making their broadcasting process comparatively boring. In the aspect of wording choosing, there are far less modal auxiliaries in the news scripts from BBC World than modal verbs from CCTV News, which displays different degree of objectiveness of broadcasting news with weak objectiveness of CCTV News. In the aspect of sentence structures, there are more passive sentences used in news scripts of BBC World than that of CCTV News, displaying different degree of credibility of news broadcasting with comparatively less credible effectiveness of CCTV News than that of BBC World. In the aspect of text organization, BBC World highlights what by putting it at the beginning part of every lead, while CCTV News puts usually why at first, making it difficult for audience to process information contained in leads. Besides, news items from CCTV News are filled with details with little information while those from BBC World are of key points, clear and direct for audience to grasp the major points of a news story. As for pragmatic devices choosing, there are far more pragmatic devices employed in the news scripts from CCTV News than those from BBC World.As for contextual choosing, there exist also four different points. In the aspect of temporal relations, the lasting time of every broadcasting style is shorter in BBC World than that in CCTV News, making it easier for audience of BBC World to process each piece of information than that of CCTV News. In the aspect of spatial relations, there are constant changes between social and personal distances in the process of news broadcasting of BBC World, making audience close to events broadcasted in a news story and creating the audience a comparatively relaxed context, while in CCTV News the spatial distance between audience and anchorpersons is close, making events proximal to audiences and giving them a feeling of invasion of personal space. In the aspect of artifacts, the settings and objects used and seen by audience of BBC World are much more than those of CCTV News, which may help audience process the information displayed in broadcasting news process. In the aspect of gestures and appearances of anchorpersons, the gestures and appearances of anchorpersons of BBC World are less formal than those of CCTV News, creating a comparatively comfortable context for audiences of BBC World.The study shows that the degree of salience of news producers and news writers towards the pre-set context of TV news broadcasting has great bearing on the effectiveness and adaptability of TV news broadcasting. In news production, it is suggested that attention must be given to adaptation to audience's mental, social, physical worlds and communicative channel at linguistic and contextual levels. Besides, this study has a renewed explanation of communicative channel in adaptation theory by Verschueren, richening the adaptation theory. Thirdly, this is a comparative study on Chinese and English news broadcasting process, so it is complementary to pragmatic comparative study. |
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