The Design And Implementation Of A New Wireless Sensor Network Node With The Multi-sensor Module

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), incorporating many technologies such as sensor, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), wireless communication and network, could cooperatively collect the environmental information, and realize the integration of the physical world and communication network. Thus WSNs are becoming one of the research hot spots that receive much attention from governments, enterprises and institutes. How to design a new high-performance sensor node is a key problem to improve the performance of the network and expand its scope of application.As we know, the existing sensor nodes have many obvious disadvantages such as single functionality, poor scalability for sensor module, complexity for secondary development, so it is necessary to design and implement a new type sensor node, modular and reconfigurable. Based on the original low-cost, low-power sensor node in our group, this thesis realizes the modular design of sensor node for processor, RF circuits, power supply and proposes a general module supporting various sensors to ensure the flexibility and reduce the complexity to promote the marketing for a wide range of applications in the future.In this thesis, we firstly introduce the architecture, characteristics and applications of WSNs, and point out the state-of-art of WSNs and sensor node. Then, modular scheme of sensor node is proposed, following the explicit scheme of interface module processor, wireless communication, sensor and power supply. In hardware design, the comparison among various types of devices, the design of circuit and electric rules are discussed in detail. In addition, this article also designs a software framework of sensor node, and proposes the detailed process of the multi-sensor module, interface, processor, the SPI interface of the communication module for node and the adaptive application of data processing. The whole software framework makes the functional design of the node module realized.Subsequently, we evaluate the performance and functionality of the new multi-sensor node based on an experimental testbed. Finally, we summarize the work and make an outlook in the future.