Research And Design Of A Low Power Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Data Acquisition System

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is composed of a large number of sensor nodes connect with each other by a self- organized form, it's a combination of micro-sensor technology, communications technology, distributed information processing and embedded computing technology. The nodes in WSN are able to collaborate in field of real-time monitoring, sensing and gathering information of environment and monitoring target in network coverage area. At present, as a wireless sensor network applications, data collection is undoubtedly one of the most basic and important application. How to design an efficient, reliable and low-latency data acquisition system is one of important subject in field of WSN research under the limited resources and low power requirements.In this paper, I research the key issues in data acquisition system based on WSN. I analyze the technology of optimal network building, connection retain, self-recover, collision avoidance by basic system design criteria and defects in current data acquisition system. After analysis, I design a protocol to have balance in power consumption and latency in different application environments. The application in barn storage temperature monitoring is under test.Finally, there is a complete test, analysis, evaluation and comparison in system's function, reliability and power consumption to prove its good characteristic. Innovation points in this paper:1. To gain several basic design criteria through the research and analysis, provide a reference for design afterwards.2. Design a protocol stack have technology of connection retain, self-recover etc to make good performance in reliability and power consumption.3. Apply a mechanism of dynamic piggybacking to get a balance in power consumption and latency; the protocol can adjust the emphasis proportion on power consumption and latency. The system has the good characteristics of low-power and flexible expansion.