Research On Key Management Schemes For Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is a kind of wireless network composed of a large number of sensor nodes, which are deployed in an ad hoc fashion. One of the greatest challenges problems in the security of wireless sensor networks is the key managements. A common assumption in most key management schemes is that all sensor nodes have the same capability. Recent research work has shown that heterogeneous wireless sensor networks can significantly improve the network lifetime, the network connectivity, the network scalability and the resilience toward node capture.Therefore, how to utilize these heterogeneity features to design a good key management scheme has become an important issue and needs to be explored, so this paper focuses on the key management schemes for the heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.Firstly, this paper clearly depicts the wireless sensor networks and the security of the wireless sensor networks that includes the security requirements, the security challenges and the problem of security in each layer of networking stack.Secondly, this paper makes a survey about key management for wireless sensor networks. This paper depicts not only the problem of the key management, but also evaluation metrics of the key management. Moreover, several typical schemes for key management of wireless sensor networks problems are reviewed, and the taxonomy are described. More specifically, these schemes are discussed in detail, and advantages and disadvantages of the schemes are summarized. These contents can became the foundation of the key management scheme for the heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.As key, this paper proposes two key management schemes for the heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. In order to solve the problem of low utility of the keys in key ring in the basic random key pre-distribution scheme, this paper divides the network sensing region into several sub regions; divides the key pool into several key pools, and divides nodes into several groups. Nodes in a certain group randomly select some keys from the corresponding key pools are deployed at the corresponding sub regions. This can guarantee the groups that have shared keys are neighbors at a certain extent. So, this paper proposes a key management scheme based on domain for heterogeneous wireless sensor network. The simulation experiment indicated that this scheme has greater performance than the existing key management schemes for wireless sensor networks.Since there are some different nodes that can establish the same pairwise key between them in some random key pre-distribution schemes, this paper proposes a key management scheme based on polynomial for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. In this scheme, the paper uses a t-degree bivariate polynomial pool instead of key pool in some random pre-distribution schemes. Nodes can establish pairwise key using the shared polynomial. The simulation shows that this scheme works effectively. Since the existing key management scheme don't restrict the security communication hops between nodes, most of them have great communication overheads. In this scheme, the paper sets the hop of security communication is at most one. The result indicated that this method effectively reduces the communication overheads.Finally, summarize the total paper and show the future works.