The Study And Design Of Routing Algorithm Based On ZigBee In Wireless Sensor Networks

As a new information technology, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have a wide application future and a high degree of attention in and abroad. They have mamy important potential values in the field of military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, and remote control of hazardous areas. As a bridge to connect the physical world and the virtual world, WSN together with effectiveness calculation, plastic electronics ans bionic body, are considered to be the four global high-tech industries in the future.In WSN, the energy efficiency performance of the network is an important indicator. The primary goal of the routing design is to reduce the energy loss of the nodes when transmissing information and improve the network life cycle.The main content of this paper is: the routing algorithms in WSN. This paper does an analyzing and study about the existed routing algorithms and some key mechanisms in it. After analyzing the advance and disadvance of LEACH, the paper makes an improvement of it and gives a new algorithm called the Expanding Minimun Spanning Tree. It based on the minimun spanning tree, first to find some bigger anisometropia nodes as cluster heads to cluster and maintain routing tables, other nodes of one cluster can be the relay nodes to transmit data to the sink in turns. The probability for each node as a relay node is proportional to the remaining energy of the communication round, Instead of being inversely proportional to the distance of the sink. The simulation result expresses that the algorithm has good energy-efficiency and can prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks.The paper studies how to realize the routing algorithm in the ZigBee environment. The frame class and function of every layer in IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee protocol are simplely analyzed. Three topologys of the network is described: Star, Cluster-Tree, and Mesh. Three ZigBee equipments based on EMST, such as cluster head, member node and relay node, are discussed in the paper. According to the differences of fumction and the status, they are designed separately, and the specific implementation steps and design processes are given.Staggered achievements are obtained from the project; the improved routing algorithm achieves a good result. Compared with the LEACH algorithm, the simulation result expresses that the EMST algorithm can reduce the everage energy consumption and the death rate of nodes efficiently, it can balance the load among all the nodes and prolong the life-time of the network. On the other side, the study of IEEE802.15.4 /ZigBee protocol is the preparations for setting up the ZigBee network, and it also lays a good foundation to realize my own routing algorithms in the practical network setting.