Design Of 32-bit Embedded RISC Microprocessor

With the development of wireless communication, multimedia and internet technology, data processing requirements of the electronic products are growing up, so as the operating speed. The reusability and short design cycle have been the focal point for hardware design with the progress and development of integrated circuits. Therefore, the 8-bit MCU will be replaced by a 32-bit microprocessor in the near future.At present, however, most of the microprocessor company's processor only supports one end storage--Big Endian or Little Endian, will bring trouble to compiler's compile process. Barrel shifter, which is widely used in the industry, takes up much of multi-channel selector resources, and it is not adapt to the domestic medium and low-end products in terms of price and application. Therefore, the 32-bit embedded microprocessor technology has a huge development space in the application field of domestic medium and low-end products.The article, based on MIPS32 instruction set, as well as von Neumann architecture features, proposed the overall framework of 32-bit embedded RISC microprocessor sfmi_cpu, and completed the RTL design of sfmi_cpu Microprocessor. Using hierarchical design method, this paper divided sfmi_cpu into six modules according to the different of functions, all modules are implemented by hardware description language Verilog HDL, and use finite state machine to improve the stability of processor.In order to improve the efficiency of the microprocessor, on the basis of design and implementation of sfmi_cpu microprocessor, this paper studys the solution to the technology and dependence of pipeline in-depth, improved the traditional five pipeline structure, and basically resolved the data dependence, structure dependence and control dependence issues. In order to verify the validity of RTL code and the solution of pipeling dependence, after establishing software testing platform, this paper carried out functional simulation, logic synthesis, placement and routing and timing simulation, then, improved the effectiveness of design theory.The data which was obtained in the way of verification and test, show that the design of 32-bit microprocessors in the article, compared to 8-bit microprocessors are widely used in medium and low-end market, and achieved some improvement in speed.