The Basic Characteristic Investigation And Structure Analysis Of Photonic Crystal Fibers

Photonic crystal fibers(PCFs), also referred to as holey fibers(HFs) or microstructured optical fibers(MOFs), are the generic term for a new class of all silica optical fibers whose cladding typically comprises a hexagonal array of air holes running along the entire length. Since that the first photonic crystal fiber was fabricated in 1996, photonic crystal fibers have attracted considerable academic interest.The results of the theory and experimentation show that the PCFs have many unique optical characteristics, such as endless single mode, manipulable mode areas, flexible dispersions and high non-linear. PCFs is the new developing direction of the optical fiber technology and it would have good application prospects in the special fibers and photonic & electronic devices.Because of the structural character, PCFs guide light using two quite different mechanisms, viz. total internal reflection and photonic band gap effects. The total internal reflection PCFs are analogous to the conventional fibers in mechanisms of guiding light, with a little difference. Photonic band gap PCFs are of a new guidance mechanism, which is unique to the PBG-PCFs' periodic construction medium. When the scale length of the medium is comparative with the wavelength, photonic band gap will be formed in the periodic medium. If the line defection is introduced, certain frequency optical rays will be located in the defection region and transmit along the defection. For the different mechanisms of guiding light, PCFs have many new features referred in the first paragraph.Firstly, the present paper introduced the basic surveys of the photon crystal and photoncrystal optical fiber, including its concept, the characteristic, the application and the development and so on. Then it is concluded and summerizde according to the PCF structure and the characteristic.After comparing the different numerical method on the base of detailed understanding, the time domain finite difference(FDTD) is chosen to be the main algorithm,we have has emphatically studied the mode establishment of the photon crystal optical fiber FDTD method, parameter choosing and the way of introduction in PCFS.The optic characteristics of the photon crystal optical fiber are systematically discussed in the paper by numerical caculating and computer simulation of some giver PCFS including model field distributing of the photon crystal optical fiber,the base mold effective refractive index,the normalized frequency,the chromatic dispersion,the model field area,the numerical aperture and so on.we specially discussed the single mode characteric of the prodinary triangle check PCF which has removed seven orificiams.After analyzing the photon crystal structure and the characteristic, the paper finally proposedone kinds of improved square structure PCF and the single-layerblowhole tended to infinite PCF, and studied their some basiccharacteristics.