Study Of Localization Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network, a novel data acquisition technique, integrate multifold subjects including microelectronic, wireless communication and wireless network, and is widely used in military, industrial controlling, environmental monitoring and medical assistance fields. In most applications, determining the physical positions of sensor nodes is the basic requirements, however, a large number of sensor nodes are deployed randomly, furthermore the nodes have limited software and hardware resources, therefore, it is meaningful to design an effective localization algorithm to identify the position of each node.In this paper, we first analyze the features of wireless sensor network, the main idea and performance of existing positioning methods, then present a Beacon Scaling MDS based Node Localization Algorithm that is based on multidimensional scaling(MDS) with beacon nodes and derive absolute coordinates of sensor nodes using the positions of beacon nodes and the distances between nodes. It is the core of the proposed localization algorithm that a new beacon based iterative majorization method which is derived on the basis of SMACOF algorithm. Besides, we make use of distance smoothing technique to solve the local minima problem, consequently, the result of majorization is improved.Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm from both theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy, low computation and communication complexity.