Key Technology Research And Implementation Of Low-Power Passive RFID Transponder

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a kind of automatic identificat- ion techniques, automatically identify objects by RF signal and free space co- upling transmission characteristic. For the outstanding advantage on informa- tion automatic management, RFID has become very popular and develops rapidly in recent years. With the rapid development of information technology, people's demand for information exchange and management is increasing. In some applications, such as sensor networks, etc, require not only a small, long life cycle and low-cost RFID transponder, but long-distance identification in order to acquire diverse information. Thus, it makes low-power optimization a kernel faced in RFID transponder design.The operating principle of RFID system and the low-power design techn- iques of UHF passive RFID transponder are described in this thesis. And the RF Front-End design of low-power UHF passive RFID transponder based on the protcol of ANSI NCITS256 has been implemented.Firstly, the communication protocol ANSI NCITS256 and the basic inter- action between transponder and reader, in particular the power supply to the transponder and the data transfer between transponder and reader, are introduced.Secondly, low-power design techniques of UHF passive RFID transpond- er are presented in detail. Based on the power analysis on the circuits of RFID transponder and the analysis on power supply efficiency and backscattered modulated power, the thesis brings forward that RF Front-End circuits and memory are the keystones of power optimization and rectifier and demodulator are the emphasis of RF Front-End power optimization. The principle and power analysis of Villart rectifier are presented and six low-power passive RFID transponder design techniques are also proposed in this thesis. Thirdly, according to the design techniques mentioned above, three kinds of Low-Power rectifier, demodulator and other circuits, such as bias circuits, POR generator, etc. are put forward. And four types of low-power RF Front- End circuits have been finished. The ICs are implemented in 0.18-μm standard CMOS technology.In the end, measurements and results analysis on some modules and RFID transponder are introduced.