Research On The Conservation And Reattachment Of Han Dynasty Colored Painting

It is a very universal phenomena that the colored painting of Qin and Han Dynasty deteriorated after being disentombed. The reattachment and restoration of the colored painting become one important and attentional problem in the field of cultural heritage conservation. The achievement in the past five years was summarized, and several historical relics have been restored successfully by us.The first part of the dissertation is the summary of colored painting of historical relic. The colored painting has a long history, therefore a large of knowledge about the analysis on development, composition of the colored painting, present state, existing problems and how to solve the problems etc., should be learned. Especially, the analysis on deterioration cause of colored painting should be paid close attention to. The scientific achievements accomplished by the cultural heritage conservation experts should be studied comprehensively. New analytical instrument and chemical materials will be used in the conservation of colored painting.The second and third parts of the dissertation are the basic research on the conservation and reattachment of colored painting. The research laid the foundation for the application in the colored painting conservation. There are two classes of colored painting in Han-Dynasty, one is the colored painting with lacquer, and the other is gel-pigment colored painting.As to the first kind of colored painting, we have done a mount of investigation and research in Shaanxi province. It is classified three categories according to its thickness: (1) The colored painting takes the lacquer as the understratum, which is lmm-1.5mm in thickness, and variety of pattern was painted on it. (2) The lacquer understratum is only 0.2mm-0.4mm in thickness, and the superficial coat is painted with the mixture of pigment and lacquer. (3) The colored painting, which is the mixture of pigment and lacquer and not exceeding 0.1 mm in thickness, is painted on the surface of the utensils directly.As to the colored painting with lacquer, we carried out a series of experiment, and SC-1 was confirmed as one kind of good plasticizer, which includes hydro-epoxy resin, 508 and organic tin. Secondly, we studied consolidating agent forsuperficial pigment and lacquer layer. The Fluorine material succeeds in gluing and forming pigment to the understratum, and there is no side effect. It is the most ideal chemical reinforcement reagent that we have found. Finally, the mixture of epoxy resin, 508 and polyurethane was confirmed as the ideal adhesive. The corresponding methods and techniques were developed to reattach the colored painting. The first restoration for historical relic was one piece of Han Dynasty ear cup, which colored painting was full of cracks and had come off. One year after being restored, it does not take any change. The second instance was to restore the gallipots colored painting of Han Dynasty. The gallipots, much more beautiful now, were consolidated and made some reattachment.The gel-pigment colored painting, which does not contain lacquer, is the mixture of pigment, gel and clay, and it is coated on the surface of the implements. A certain viscidity of Fluorine reagent had better glue effect, and the ageing-resistant time was much longer. It is important that the Fluorine reagent does not change the color of colored painting. And 2314 plays an important role in the restoration. The materials of Fluorine reagent and 2314 have been used in the project of restoration for colored painting of clay warriors and horses of Western Han Dynasty. Several typical ones were repaired in the last year, and it has not taken any change up to now.