| With the steadily increasing of national economy, high level roadconstruction has been developed rapidly in our country. Since thedemand on comfort, safety and speed which road can provide becomeshigher and higher, it is very important to detect road geometryparameters quickly in order to ensure the quality of road constructionand maintenance. Currently the technology of road-surface rapiddetection is grown up quickly abroad, and has reached to a quiet highlevel where there is a virtuous circle from researching, marketing,feedback and then back to researching, while on that aspect, ourcountry is still in a disadvantageous position. This paper brieflyreported the survey result of the development of this technology in ourcountry and abroad. The main goal of this thesis is to do research andimplement the rapid automatic detection system for road geometryparameters, which would be applied to do measurements anddetections for the road geometry linearity during road construction.And those measurements and detections would help to ensure thelocations, altitudes and other indicators of road linear curve and everyother structure meet the requirements of design, specification anditems of signed contract while those were transferring from design intoreal entities. This paper covers the specific research on the detectionalgorithms for road geometry parameter characteristics, theconstruction of road geometry parameter automatic detection platformwith suitable sensory equipment, and the implementation of roadgeometry parameter rapid automatic detection system with computertechnology, sensory technology and data processing technology aswell as database technology.In chapter 2, the basic concepts of road geometry parameters andthe system functional design and measurement solutions werepresented as well as the architecture of the system. Briefly discussedhere are what the road linear parameters consist of, the definition andspecific requirements of them for building each level of road. Thosemainly introduced road geometry parameters are "longitudinal slope,vertical curve,crossfall,circular curve,transition curve" etc. As tosystem functional design and measurement solution aspects, thesystem functional structure, measurement system solution design andselection of sensory equipment were discussed. It also presents indetails here the performance characteristics with gyroscope of modelYH-5000IMU and laser distance sensor of model OES-Ⅱ. In SystemArchitecture, the hardware platform, software platform, power systemdesign, as well as equipment setup design were mainly described.Automatic detection algorithms of road geometry parameter wereintroduced in Chapter 3, First, it presents three quick data processingtechnologies in quick detection road geometry parameters, that is,automatic data collection,Noise Reduction,Data Storage. DiscreteKalman Filter Noice Reduction algorithm was discussed in details.Second, Dynamic Carrier Posture Computing algorithm was discussed,which is an algorithm mainly based on the equivalent rotating vectorof the strapdown inertial navigation system。In the end of this chapter,the principles of road geometry detection system and algorithms ofdetecting parameters such as "longitudinal slope,vertical curve ratio,crossfall, plane surface ratio, milestone number. etc were introduced indetailsChapter IV demonstrates the software development process anddetail implementation of Road Geometry Parameter AutomaticDetection System (RGPADS). Firstly, the fundamental principle of thissystem was briefly introduced. That is, the collected data by laserdistance sensor will be transformed to control signals at first, thenthose control signals would control strapdown Intertial MeasurementUnit(IMU) to collect real-time data from road surface to acquire roadgeometry parameter information, which would be analyzed andprocessed in the end. Secondly the chosen design & developmentplatform and tools were also identified here: the system was built onPowerDesigner platform with UML (Unified Modeling Language) tocreate Use Case analysis, Conception Modeling, Time Sequence, Classand Package graphs;with Microsoft Visual C++.NET IDE to finish theprogramming phase. Systematic software testing was also executedthoroughly. At the last, followed by a brief introduction of the conceptsand available models of software development process, main phases insoftware development process were addressed in details, such as:Requirement Analysis, System Analysis and Design, SystemImplementation and Software Testing. In Requirement Analysis phase,Use Case Diagram was applied and following Use Case diagrams werecreated:1. RGPADS Software Modules Blocks(Graph 4-2,p.55)2. RGPADS Use Case Diagram (Graph 4-3,p.56)3. Online Data Detect Use Case Diagram (Graph 4-4,p.57)4. Online Processing Use Case Diagram (Graph 4-5,p.58)In software analysis and design phase, Three Tier Architecture whichconsists of Presentation Layer, Application Logic layer and StorageLayer were established after thoroughly analysis and design with UMLand following diagrams were created:1. Domain Conception Package (Graph 4-6, p.61)2. Conception Modeling ( Graph 4-7, p.62)3. Time Sequence (Graph 4-8, p.64/ Graph4-9, p.65)4. Class Diagram(Graph 4-10,p.67/Graph 4-11/12,p.68)5. Object State Diagram(Graph 4-13, p.69)In System Implementation phase, Powerful Microsoft VisualC++.NET IDE was introduced to demonstrate why that tool wasselected to do the implementation. Key data structure definitions anduser interface were also present in this part. Software Testing partmainly focus on the methodology of software testing and the finalresult.In chapter 5, it presents experiments on road geometry parameterautomatic detection system as well as the analysis of thosemeasurement results, by constructing the system experimentalplatform, a lot of repeated researches on static and dynamicexperiments had been done on real places with road geometryparameter automatic detection system. The results demonstrated thedesigns of those algorithms of automatic detection of road geometryparameters were feasible, and the research on the whole system isreasonable and feasible as well.This thesis presents the required functions for road geometryparameter automatic detection, and discussed the processing methodsof detected data according to the heavy research on the characteristicsof road geometry parameters. Built on the designed automaticdetection algorithms on road geometry parameters, the softwaredevelopment process was implemented with using Object-OrientedSoftware Development approach, the specification of UnifiedModeling Language on the visual modeling environmentPowerDesigner. Combined the UML system model with Windows2000 Professional Operating system and C++ language , theprogramming of the system software was finished in Microsoft VisualC++.NET IDE. In the end, the successful results of a lot of static anddynamic experiments demonstrated the good robustness andadaptability of the developed detection system, which can be used toimprove the performance and effectiveness of road detection, andcontribute to further development of road construction. |
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