Energy-balanced Data Gathering Algorithms In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network is distributed in the target area by a large number of nodes which has perception, computation and communication capabilities. Since sensor nodes calculated by the energy and capacity constraints, how to efficiently use the limited energy is the key to wireless sensor networks. The data collection applications of Wireless sensor network have some features such as continuous flow of network data, traffic flow and "many to one". In data collection process, some of the path due to heavy traffic caused by excessive energy consumption of the path node, shorten the lifetime of network. Energy balance can effectively improve the network quality of service and resource utilization, and became a research focus in recent years. In this paper, with the goal of improving network quality of service, and extending the network lifetime, For static and dynamic sensor network scenarios to study the energy balance data aggregation algorithm, Results obtained are as follows:①An ant colony optimization algorithm of energy balanced data collection is presented based on the similar characteristics between single node of wireless sensor networks and ant unit. The node residual energy and the current distance between neighbors join up the calculation of heuristic factors, so that the ants tend to select the node which have high residual energy and near the forwarding node as the next hop node; The calculation of state transition probability take into the node's current residual energy, the distance between neighbor nodes and the distance between neighbor nodes and the base station(Sink), to establish and maintain the network path; Use negative feedback of pheromone instead of the positive feedback, So that the forward ants preferred the path which has less pheromone, and overcoming the shortcoming that converges to the only Optimal Solutions of basic ACO.②Sensor networks based on mobile Sink in resolving the "energy hole" problem, have significant effect. And can be combined with handheld devices, form the " terminal network "of the ubiquitous network. For mobile sink network, in the fourth Chapter of this paper Proposes a data gathering algorithm for dynamic sensor networks. Firstly, the target area is divided into several "units", Proposed "heat" evaluation function of networks. mobile strategy of sink is given according to the evaluation function, avoiding blind move of mobile Sink. The node select next hop by the weighted of node residual energy and angle. Avoid selecting the low energy nodes as a forwarding node and the "energy-loop" phenomenon. Mobile Sink proxy mechanism is used to reduce the energy consumption of changing of network topology. Analysis and experimental results show that compared with the correlation algorithm, ADC-MS can effectively balance the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.