A Research On The Localization Technology Of Wirless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is one of the current research hotspots. The localization technology in wireless sensor network plays an important role in the theory research and application of wireless sensor network, it is also a basic and hot problem in the research of wireless sensor networks.On the basis of relative literatures, this paper introduced the study state of the sensor network localization at home and abroad. The basic concept of the localization technology based on wireless sensor network and the existing localization algorithms including their evaluation standards are also summarized in this paper. Range-free localization and range-based localization are the mainly two ways of the localization technology in wireless sensor network. Range-based localization is usually realized according to the adjacent anchor nodes, its location accuracy is higher compared with range-free localization. However, the location accuracy is greatly affected by the ranging-error. Although the location accuracy of range-free algorithm is lower, its requirement of hardware is lower too. This algorithm realizes positioning using the information between adjacent nodes, its accuracy is affected by the distribution of network nodes. The major analyses of this article are as follows:1. According to the traditional rang-based localization algorithm based on RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator), this article gave an improved algorithm combining with anchor localization inside a jump or two jumps, adopted the virtual force position correction method to correct the node positions to avoid possible large error in anchor location of two jump. On the premise of guaranteeing the localization accuracy, this algorithm not only overcome the disadvantage that localization can only be realized by anchor localization of one jump, but also has the pre-existing characteristic of low power consumption, low cost, low cost calculation, distributed computing and so on, compared with the traditional localization algorithm based on RSSI.2. Considering the rang-based location algorithm is vulnerable to the disturbance of environment noise, multi-path effect and obstacles etc, and the location accuracy is affected by some problems in the node random distribution, such as co-line nodes, limited number of anchor nodes and that the nodes are distributed unevenly, this article gave an improved algorithm based on the distance vector routing and Min– Max fusion. Simulation results showed that the localization performance was greatly improved in this algorithm, compared with that of the traditional DV-Hop localization algorithm.3. This article designed the application system of wireless sensor network location, introduced design principle from the two aspects of hardware and software, and verified rang-based localization algorithm based on RSSI in this platform at last.