Energy-efficient Wireless Sensor Networks Design Base On Cross-layer

Wireless sensor networks are a new type of measurement and control network that is with the development of MEMS technology, computer technology and wireless communication technology. Its appearance causes widespread concern around the world and changes the way that people interact with the physical world. Wireless sensor networks bring immeasurable benefits to human beings, at the same time, put forward new technical challenges. Energy constraint of nodes is a prominent feature of wireless sensor networks. So how to use energy efficiently has become one of the important targets in sensor networks design.Using data fusion technology and efficient routing algorithm can effectively reduce energy consumption and extend network life cycle. The routing of wireless sensor networks combined with data fusion algorithm is one of the important content. This paper discusses some of the existing routing protocols for wireless sensor networks and data fusion method characteristics, then analysises some of the routing algorithm based on data fusion and proposes a cluster head fusion routing algorithm. It is a kind of new routing algorithm based on data fusion. The algorithm is designed to reduce the data that cluster head nodes send to the sink node, in such way, to reduce energy consumption and to achieve the purpose of prolonging the networks life cycle. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm, also discover new problem. Finally, to solve the new problem, a non-uniform clustering algorithm is proposed. The election of the cluster heads bases on the residual energy of nodes and its data correlation with neighbors. In the size of cluster, cluster head is the closer with the sink node, the smaller size of the cluster to balance energy consumption that the cluster head nodes closer to the sink sending and integrating more data, and to extend the network life cycle. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm.