| The establishment of the Naking National Government in 1927 has transformed the mode of Chinese political operation which was long carried out and thus a party-governing regime was emerged. Since the party-governing regime was implemented, the forces of the Kuomintang(KMT) must be penetrated into various social fields. Although the scholar Wang Jisheng pointed out that though the reign of KMT is a kind of "weak dictatorship" because of being subject to the realistic environment, the Kuomintang desired and strove subjectively to achieve "strong Dictatorship". After the Kuomintang seemingly reunified the whole country, the voice of the "Party Rule" from the interior KMT was high. However, the Party Central Committee adhered to separating the "Party Member Rule" and "Party Doctrines Rule" and emphasized that the real "Party Rule" was the "Party Doctrines Rule" rather than the "Party Member Rule". But in fact, the "Party Member Rule" and "Party Doctrines Rule" don’t have a clear distinction. It is to say they have a certain degree of convergence. The "Party Rule" need Party member who master "party doctrines" well to execute. Although the KMT has not formed a mature political system to make it can control the government, the party indeed have some important party officials as government leaders. Pan Gongzhan is such a typical character.The brilliant career of Pan Gongzhan is closely related to Shanghai. He studied and began his lifelong career in Shanghai. He also reached the peak of his career in Shanghai. He made fortune as a newspaperman and his career took off with the aid of the KMT regime. Because he was closed with the KMT leadership, he was able to take on the standing committee member of the Shanghai apparatus of the KMT overnight. Then, he served as the director of Social Affairs Bureau, deputy Secretary General of Shanghai District’s government. However he did not completely give up the pen, continue to act as the endorsement and advocate the theory of KMT.Role analysis is the main method used in this paper. Pan Gongzhan successfully control the wave of strikes in shanghai after the Great Rovolution in China when he was the director of Social Affairs Bureau. He made the situation in Shanghai be stable. For those stubborn Shanghai businessmen, he proposed to abolish the motion of the chamber of commerce and using a mixture of cracking down and inveiglement to tame them. Besides, he helped others to accuse Chen Dezheng for getting the right to control Salvation fund. He softened the radical municipal Party committee of KMT in shanghai. Then, he began to advocate the cooperation with the Party committee of KMT and the government of shanghai District.Pan Gongzhan held two significant positions as the standing committee member of the local apparatus and the director of Social Affairs Bureau in Shanghai. On the one hand, he wanted to regulate conflicts and coordinate the cooperation between the party and government by alternate using two status to mobilize all forces; on the other hand, he persisted in "Party Rule" and intended to implement the Party’s policies with the help of the government. However, Pan Gongzhan encountered failure in implementing the Party’s policy because of the weakness of the Kuomintang and the flaws of its regime structure. Such an outcome is worthy of thinking.This article intends to comb Pan Gongzhan’s political activities carefully in 1927-1931. And from the perspective of key government officials, we will look at the implementation of the Kuomintang’s "Party Rule" and the failure. Perhaps this allows us to see thoroughly and provides us some other perspectives of thinking to study today’s status quo. |
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