Russian Wine Policy Research (1767-1914)

1767-1914, Russia had experienced three different period ofalcoholic policy which include tax farming, consumption tax and nationalalcohol monopoly system. Due to these policies, the Russiangovernment’s alcoholic revenues were considerable. And the influence ofthese policies was profound and lasting. This paper intends to conductspecialized research around this problem, the main contents are asfollows:First of all, Russian alcoholic policies were important and thesepolicies resulted from many reasons. The foundation of alcoholic policywas the Vodka’s feature of intensity.Secondly, the development, implementation and evolution ofRussian alcoholic policy were affected by a range of other externalhistorical conditions. On the other hand it had become an important partof Russian history process. The tax farming policy was a result of orientalcultural influence during the Mongolian domination period.Consumptiontax policy was the product of western liberalism. And due toconservatism and liberalism, Eastern and Western culture and thesefactors resulted to Russian government’s monopoly system.In addition, the severity of alcohol problems in Russia made theimpact of alcohol policy profound and Its interaction with the alcoholpolicy were ultimately reflected in public opinion on the accusations ofalcohol problems which were caused by alcohol policy. Liquor revenueand more serious alcohol problems eventually were contradictive. Whenthe Russian government tended to actual financial benefits, massiveanti-alcohol campaign in Russia had become the choice to the helpless.In summary, this paper elaborates Russian alcohol policy reasons,the process of evolution and the broad influence, and discusses the unique role and significance of Russian alcoholic policy in historical process.