From Ancient Lofts For Collecting Books To Modern Library

It is a great transformation in the history of Chinese library from ancient lofts for collecting books to modern library. Seeking after its developing course changing reasons have become the important task for historians and librarians. The complex causations lead to the different study results. The demarcations have two kinds: one viewpoint is that everything is going forward in its lockstep way, so ancient lofts for collecting books would certainly progress to modern library. In another word: It is two different stages of a same thing. The other opinion is that they are completely two different things. Modern library is based on western culture and library notion, It is a new thing grafted on the model of western library. This dissertation cleaned up the development from ancient lofts for collecting books to modern library, discussed the background, conditions and significations of modern library. Illustrated the affiliations between them in order to enrich the research of the task.There are three parts in this dissertation.The first part: The emergence, development and decline of Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books.First. The creation, development process of Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books. Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books appeared in Yin Dynasty, which was for storing Jiagu. With the development of economy and culture, Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books developed, too. During Ming and Qing Dynasty it was at the height of evolution. Yongle Da Dian and Si Ku Quang Shu and the royal lofts for collecting books which had many books influenced Chinese library a lot.The author studied the course of ancient lofts for collecting books, illustrated order, function and localization of lofts for collecting booksSecond. The decline of Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books The affection of Taiping Rebellion to the ancient lofts for Collecting books.Hong Xiuquan, The leader of Taiping Rebellion who not only objected the Feudalism but also the traditional Confucianism to deny the Sacred position of Confucius by using God. At the beginning of Taiping Rebellion they Prohibited against Confucianism Classic books. So from the point of view of Marxist History Materialism, Both national and private Chinese traditional storing books were damaged badly during the whole Taiping Rebellion was one of the reasons which caused the decline of Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books.Desegregation of Feudal economy lead the decline ofancient the lofts for collecting booksAfter Opium War, western material dumping to China began which shocked the traditional agriculture and handicraft industry badly and led the breakage of feudal nature economy. With the inbreak of capitalism, a class of Comprador which serviced for western capitalism and many colonial cities around sea emerged. Which opened a way for Chinese feudal economy half feudalism. During the course of Disintegration of natural economy many collectors bankrupt and they felt difficult to keep the situation of the ancient lofts for collecting books. and selling some books which made feudal lofts for collecting books shift to cities and became a new merchandise. The bankruptcy of landlords and the shift to cities directly led the decline of feudal ancient lofts for collecting books.From high concentrating of storing books in few houses to changing direction to opening collecting books Before the 19th century Chinese personal collecting books was very Prosperous, and the famous collectors were over 500 among them the most lofts for collecting books were Bisonglou, Baqianjuanlou, Haiyuange and Tieqintongjianlou. In late 19th century, there were many wars and keeping books was quite difficult, some bibliophiles put their books in public places or began to lend them out, the most famous place was guoying Public Reading Building.From studying of the social background of the decline of Chinese ancient lofts for collecting books. We can see that in the course of the decline of the feudal l...