The Study On The Physiological State Of Elite Rowers During The Training Preparation Period For The 2008 Olympic Games

Purpose: The physiological state and pre-race competition effectiveness were monitored over all classes of male and female rowers on the Chinese National Rowing team in 3 consecutive years, respectively 2006, 2007 and 2008, and special training methods were applied like altitude training and the influence of specific training of respiratory muscles on competitive forms, with the purpose of summarizing the features of Chinese elite athletes physiological changes during the 3-year preparation cycle and serving as the practical base for Chinese rowing's scientific development.The subjects and methods of the research: 32 Chinese National Rowing Team members who participated in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Systematic monitoring of the athletes'physiological state over altitude training in the past three years and before the 2008 Olympic Games, and analyze it with stage testing results.The results and conclusion:1. The influence of altitude training on the physiological state of Chinese elite rowers: 1.1 male and female athletes of all classes had lower lactate threshold power on the altitude than on the sea level. Except light weight man athletes, all athletes obtained significantly higher lactate threshold power after altitude training than before altitude (P<0.05) , which indicates that altitude training can significantly improve rowers'saerobic capacity. 1.2 During altitude training, the lean body mass of male and female rowers of all classes decreased significantly (P<0.05), probably because of the dual stimulation of physiological hypoxia and exercise hypoxia, which results in a much stronger physiological reaction than it should have on that altitude, and a faster muscle decomposition rate (P<0.05). The body weight of all light weight male and female rowers decreased significantly (P<0.05), which is closely related to their basic physical constitution. 1.3 during the altitude training, CK restored significantly after arms strength training, while after legs and back exercises, there was no significant difference. 1.4 after altitude training, it was clearly negative correlation between the Hb level of women open weight rowers and 6km ergometer testing results (the Pearson correlation is -0.952,P<0.05), and the aerobic endurance capacity came to the highest level after 4 weeks of altitude training.2. Before the Olympic Games, it was clearly negative correlation between the lactate threshold power of man open weight rowers and specific ergometer testing results (the Pearson correlation is -0.968,P<0.05), and the specific capacity gradually came to the highest level when approaching the major competition.3. Before the Olympic Games, the influence of specific training of respiratory muscles on the physiological state of elite female open weight rowers. 3.1 VO2max remained similar level as before after 60 days specific training of respiratory muscles (P>0.05). 3.2 after specific training of respiratory muscles, the lactate threshold power improved significantly (P<0.05), which means that the respiratory muscles are more lactate resistant and thus help improve the maximum endurance capacity of female rowers. 3.3 after specific training of respiratory muscles, there was no significant change in the serum testosterone (P>0.05) while cortisol level dropped significantly (P<0.05), and serum testosterone/cortisol value increased significantly (P<0.05), much higher than the control group (P<0.05), which means the general physiological state of rowers who did specific training of respiratory muscles are better than those who didn't do it. 3.4 The intensifying training of respiratory muscles might be the restraint factor for high level rowers'further progress. There is a special meaning from the specific training of respiratory muscles for deepening rowing training and competition preparation. It is proved by the Olympic Games to be a new non-drug method of improving rowing specific capacity.