Research On The Relationship Between Social Capital And University Students Employment In China

With the continuing enrollment expanding of universities these years, the graduate students are increasing. According to the statistics, the employment of college graduates is keeping in a low rate. The prospect for the employment of graduates is not optimistic. How to tackle the problem has been the focus of the government and scholars. To the college graduates, it will have positive effect on finding an ideal job by cultivating and using the social capital. This thesis tries to look insight into the relationship between social capital and job-seeking process of college graduates to see how social capital can impact on the job-seeking process and how to make social capital be more helpful to the college graduates. On this basis, this thesis tries to find a new pattern of job-seeking for the college graduates.There are six parts of this thesis. Chapter one is the introduction which includes research background and related research review. In Chapter two this thesis starts the research from analyzing supply and demand of the graduates. Then it concludes insufficient demand and excess supply to be the reasons of low employment rate of college graduates and take economic development, effective communication, college education and human resource as the factors which have influence on the college graduates employment. Based on this thesis's survey, many job-seekers take social capital as an important tool during their job-seeking process. In Chapter three this thesis takes advantage of the Individual job-seeking model to explain how social capital works during the job-seeking process. Then this thesis adds social capital factor into the model by broadening the assumptions restrictions. Comparing with two methods of job-seeking, this thesis suggests that social capital could make the job-seeking process more efficient when the labor market becomes more competitive. After the analysis of profit maximization of model, this thesis got a conclusion that the weak relation can be more beneficial if social capital is just treated as job information transfer tool. Chapter four is a survey of eight Shanghai college students'social capital by questionnaires. After the survey, this thesis researches the social capital of college students by using statistics description and finds that students of college come to recognize the importance of social capital and begin to use it. The type of social capital they use is strong relation such as relatives. Chapter five is an empirical analysis of the social capital influence on the job-seeking process. By using econometric statistics and face to face interviews, this thesis come to the conclusion: In China, people usually seek their jobs by strong relationship; Human resource factors have greater influence than social capital during the job-seeking process. Chapter six is consist of a summary of the whole thesis and advice for the college students on cultivating and using social capital. Then this thesis does some prospect of future research.