Study And Analysis On The Compulsory Education Policies For New Immigrants' Children

The compulsory education problem of new immigrants'children is not only an issue concerned by the education policies, but also a significant civil concern which draws the attention of social policies. The tendency of peasants'moving towards cities has witnessed the urbanization and historical progress. Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy, there were nearly 200 million peasants entering the cities in different manners. The population of new immigrants in different cities is expected to increase 150 million by 2020, on the premise that the process of urbanization advances 1% each year. Under this background, this paper discusses the current situation of compulsory education policies on new immigrants'children and studies the formulation and implementation of compulsory education policies on new immigrants'children. It is of important realistic significance to further ensure the right of receiving compulsory education by new immigrants'children.At present, new immigrants'children are facing great embarrassments of receiving equal education, due to the actual alarming situation of compulsory education enjoyed by them. the prominent problems concerning the compulsory education policies stipulated by the government for new immigrants'children may be summarized under three main catalogues: 1. The inequality of education policies in China has brought about the situation that big cities enjoy the priority to get better education resources. The countryside and the cities enjoy obviously different education resources, with the better ones concentrating in big cities. 2. Little investment has been made in the compulsory education system by the government, which has lagged far behind of the mainstream. The national financial education fund only accounts for 4% of the domestic GDP. The central government pays little attention to the management of education fund. The local governments are held responsible to afford 90% of the education fund, while the central government only assumes 10% responsibilities. Such a dramatically different allocation has led to the limited positivity of local governments to implement the education policies. 3. The policies of household register restrict the right of new immigrants'children to receive equal compulsory education, which has caused the segmentation of compulsory education market and intensified the unbalanced development of compulsory education.The problem of receiving equal compulsory education by new immigrants'children is under the influence of various elements. We need to solve this complicated problem from a comprehensive point of view. The author believes that it would be an effective way to resolve the issue by focusing on education policies, policies of education fund and policies of household register on basis of national conditions. Details are as follows:Firstly, to establish the concept of equality, and to standardize the formulation of education policies. Equal education opportunities should be provided to new immigrants'children. Relevant policies should be established for new immigrants'children to apply for education. We may, step by step, take new immigrants'children into consideration while making admission plans and financial budgets for public schools. New immigrants should be allowed and encouraged to participate in the formulation of education policies. They have the right to know the situation, to express their opinions and to protect their legal rights and interests. In this way, education policies may be standardized to better serve the new immigrants and their children.Secondly, to implement budget mechanisms and supervision mechanisms in respect of transfer payment for compulsory education, and to increase financial transfer payments. Through the introduction of"Electronic Education Coupon", it is able to stimulate the initiatives of the local governments where new immigrants work, the admission schools as well as the new immigrants themselves. In addition, it will facilitate the registration and filing procedures of the education of new immigrants'children, ensure the consistency of compulsory education and contribute to the statistics and tracking of new immigrants'children by the competent governmental organs.Thirdly, to accelerate the reform of policies of household register. We must break the ties between household register and social welfare completely. The scope of management of household register should be enlarged, so as to restore the original intention of household register and to gradually eliminate social inequality caused by current situation of household register. The government should set up a special department to take charge of population administration, which will help to ease the problem that different sections have different says. Policies of household register should be united in order to eliminate regional discriminations and to realize city-country integration in the aspect of civil education, labor and employment, social security and public health service.Last but not least, to further broaden the channels for the popularization of compulsory education. For this purpose, we may: 1. establish new public schools in big and small cities, so as to provide more opportunities and better education to new immigrants'children; 2. integrate the suggestions of establishing special schools for new immigrants'children into the social development plans in cities; establish a number of public schools or branches of public schools for new immigrants'children if financial funding is available, to thoroughly resolve the issue; 3. strengthen the ranks of teachers and officers in schools for new immigrants'children; 4. improve the living standard of children remaining in rural areas; effectively rationalize the population of new immigrants. The author carries on an investigation into the status quo of compulsory education enjoyed by new immigrants'children in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province. Through specific and statistic analysis on relevant data and information, this paper points out that the new immigrant's children are facing the following five embarrassments: 1. New immigrants usually need to pay heavy schooling fees; 2. Little attention and concern was paid to the education of new immigrants'children due to the averagely low education level of their parents; 3. The working environment of new immigrants shows a strong liquidity, which will influence the education of their children to a certain extent; 4. The policies of household register restrict the choice of schools and locations of new immigrants for their children; 5. The conditions to establish special schools for new immigrants'children are limited.Dongguan has developed and implemented integration of the new immigrant's children of compulsory education policy analysis, pointed out that to resolve the issue of compulsory education in the direction of future efforts.