The Research Of School-based Curriculum Development Of Elementary And Secondary School In America

Since the 1970s, the Western country started a strong movement that called school-based curriculum development, though the way of development in various countries was different freely, the school-based curriculum development became a worldwide curriculum reform movement. Since the mid-1970s, all levels of each kind of school in America had raised"the school consummation movement"and"the school effective movement", the schools positively participated in the school-based curriculum development operation further. The US is a country of divided authority and legality, the school district has the specially right of education independence, therefore the implementation of school-based curriculum development has the superiority relatively. American school-based curriculum development emphasizes participant consideration and decision-making, including the school member, the exterior expert, and community representative. This article studies the historical development, the influencing factor and the development patterns of school-based curriculum development, and analyzes its characteristic and questions, finally in order to bring elicitation for the research and implementation of our country's school-based curriculum development. The full text altogether is divided into five parts:The introduction part summarily expatiate the reason and the significance of selected topic, the present research situation and the research method, as well as explain the related concept, at the same time definitude my own viewpoint.The first part introduces the rise and development, the decline and the change in the process of development of American school-based curriculum development which was directed under the practice curriculum theory and critical curriculum theory, and based on the reflect of national curriculum reform and the influence of the reconstruction education movement.The second part studies the main body and the influencing factors of the school-based curriculum development of elementary and secondary schools in America. The main body include the principal, the curriculum committee, the school teachers, the students and the communtiy member. And the influencing factors are the national policy, the education achievements in scientific research and evaluation of critic and professional team.The third part introduces three patterns of the school-based curriculum development in America, and explain particularly one kind of the patterns, introduce its development procedure and one example in detail. The three patterns are action research pattern, Taba transform pattern and Olive pattern. And the Olive pattern is a integrated pattern, it includes curriculum development and instruction development.The fourth part analyzes the characteristics and the existent question of the American elementary and middle schools school-based curriculum development, and inquire into the revelation for our country's school-based curriculum development .