Research On Dual Mechanism Of Human Capital And Social Capital Under Students' Job Hunting

Employment is foundation of people's livelihood, road of enrichingcommon people and policy of consolidating state. Employment not only relates toreform stableness, trillion people's vital interests and social harmoniousness, but alsodirectly relates to prestige, image and cohesiveness in populace of our party andgovernment. Placing this matter in prominent position is inevitable request forharmonious society construction. Researchers and national policies designers allrealized realistic existence of "structural unemployment". In addition scholars alsopointed out this problem from several aspects of educational system in university,employment environment and so on, also provided many solutions to this problem.Employment difficulty made people's consideration about education institution andemployment structure achieve unprecedented depth.However employment environment change could not finish in one day. And it isimpossible that people do nothing but waiting for the improvement of employmentenvironment. In fact multitudinous job seekers are trying their best to pursue good lifespace under present stern situation. Such endeavor includes accumulation of humancapital and social capital. Difference among these reserves caused difference-ofstudents' abilities and efforts. Which factors are influencing process and result ofuniversity students' job hunting actually? The reason will be the key of presenting thetruth, reveling problems and finding out suitable solutions. The reason why the authorwrote this article taking social capital and human capital as breakthrough point is thatthis theory can achieve above goals effectively.The full of text can be divided into five parts. First part is theory review andresearch frame. Human capital and social capital are two important branches of capitaltheory which have experienced changes such as material capital, result and method,human capital, cultural capital and social capital. The concept of capital changes frommateriality to non-materiality and its suitable scope shifts from economic to sociology.Research of two capitals with employment already became one of sociological researchtraditions. Among these domestic studies, two capitals with university students' jobhunting are also abundant, but many of them only refer to one kind of capital. As to researches involved both two capitals, either stressed theory exploration, or got differentresults because of variable measurements. In order to obtain explicit conclusion, authordid empirical research on two capitals in students' employment with investigation databased on preceding studies. This can not only enrich capital theory studies, but alsoprovide solutions to current employment problem. According to three researchesconcerned, author set research suppositions and frame.Second part is research approach and sample data. Data originated questionnairesurvey on students' employment of three Northwestern universities which completed inJune, 2006. Data analysis which includes description and explanation mainly usesmethods of condition analysis, factor analysis and logistic regression analysis withSPSS 13.0. Author listed variables and measurements in details for comparison andcheckThird part is results of empirical analysis. Result of frequency analysis andcondition analysis to graduates' employment situation which includes signing rate,employment idea, employment channel, individual investment and employment marketdiscovered Northwestern university undergraduate students and postgraduate studentsmet a stern employment situation and they were involved in keen competition in theirstorage of human capital and social capital. Then results of logistic regression analysiswhich put above factors and two capitals together in employment realization modelfinally discovered employment idea is the most important factor to affect job realization.And two capitals also have remarkable influence. Then results of logistic regressionanalysis which separately put employment idea and employment channel inemployment process model also confirmed remarkable function of human capital andsocial capital.Fourth part is conclusions and suggestions, which also the key point in full of text.Investigation demonstrated, regardless of undergraduates or postgraduates, bothuniversity students' employment process and result are influenced by dual mechanismsof two capitals. Human capital is primary factor, while social capital is auxiliary. Butalong with employment pressure continuative increase, operation space of social capitalwill greatly increase. Analysis also discovered that lower the graduate's human capitalaccumulation, bigger the possibility of asking for help of social capital. Therefore theconclusion is: Human capital is cornerstone which never can be ignored; Social capitalis the bridge which can improve the function of human capital in employment competition. Two capitals grow mutually and could not be independent from each other.At last author suggested people should pay more attention to social capital accumulationin family, simultaneously individuals are the final succession of accumulation results.Then author mentioned seven key points on accumulation of two capitals.Fifth part is the summary. Today closer social relationship and developed networkmake resources exchange and sharing behavior frequent in people's life. Not only in jobhunting social capital already penetrates all the aspects. This further requestsmacroscopic social capital abundance and social justice with equal opportunity. Thisalso conforms to the goal of harmonious society's construction. Simultaneously we mayforecast further expansion of social capital space.