Historical Change Of Russian Higher Engineering Education

Engineering science and technology play an important role in the civilized process of mankind. During the 17 and 18 centuries , with the development of the industry, commerce and seafaring, many countries in the world built the system of higher engineering education for training more skillful engineers to speed up the process of industries and meet the need of the society.Ruled by feudal Czar, the capitalism in the Russia occurred and developed late. But during the 18 century, with the development of industry, commerce and seafaring, Russia had worked the Higher Engineering Education System up. The independent engineering and special colleges had occurred at that time. With the restriction of history the Higher Engineering Education at that time developed slowly. During the seventy years from the October Revolution to breakup of Soviet Union, the former Soviet Union speeded up the development of Higher Engineering Education for realizing the socialist industrialization as soon as possible. In this period, the Higher Engineering Education of the former Soviet Union had trained thousands of engineers with higher technology and developed quickly. It had been proved by progresses which the former Soviet Union had achieved in industries of economics, aerospace and space in the last century. Being in ferment after breakup, Russia, which had the biggest part of education of the Soviet Union, made the Higher Engineering Education System being in the crisis. But from the 90's last century, Russia focused its attention on the education again after it realized social stability had made great progress in politics and economics. It wants to be in the procession of world power by relying on the development of Higher Engineering Education and training more engineers .The paper makes omnibearing research of the historical development of Russian Higher Engineering Education (which includes before the October Revolution, the period of the Soviet Union and after breakup), its characteristics, facing problems and the revolution. From the historical point, the comprehensive analysis of development of higher engineering education has been made. By summarizing the successful experience and shortcomings the paper brings forth the good proposals for developing Chinese Higher Engineering Education according to the problems which exist in the development of engineering education. By this way offers the good source of reference of theory and practice for developing our higher engineering education.