The Study On The Interest Groups Influencing Policy Making Under Interest Differentiation Background In China

The reform and open policy promoted the people's living level in our country, but also has brought the serious question about interest differentiation. Presently, each kind of interest relation becomes more complex, interest groups become more diverse, the contradiction and conflict about interest between the interest groups also become more obvious, seriously affect social stability in our country. Along with the continuing of reform and open policy, as well as the further consummation of the market economy system, the interest differentiation will be able to further intensify, the differentiation of interest groups also will be able develops to the breadth and the depth inevitably.The public policy, which could assign the social public interest authoritatively, surely becomes the government's essential tool to deal with interest differentiation. The interest differentiation has the positive influence to the policymaking, and has the negative influence, these dual influences cause the policy making to have to take the interest differentiation the reality. But the interest assignment is a non-easy matter: each interest group has its own interest, these interests request not only have consistent and coordinated one side, but also has the contradiction and conflict one side. Various interest groups in order to obtain and maintain their own interests, exert the influence through every way to the policy formulation inevitably, but the traditional influence way certainly can not enable all interest groups to obtain and maintain their interests, and can create bad affects to government's policy making, even causes the policy making to depart from the original intention of the public interest. Therefore, we must explore a new way, the interest groups may express their own interests through this way, achieve the mutual recognition with other interest groups, effectively to maintain their own interests when the interest groups exert the influence to the policy making, this way is deliberative democracy. The deliberative democracy acknowledges the interest multiplication, as well as the difference and divergence between different interest groups, advocates using the consultative way to coordinate all interests. Hopes the public policy making should not only pursue and manifest the most people's interests, but also should consider and coordinate all sides of wishes and interests, protects minority interests while respecting majority interests. Therefore, the deliberative democracy can enable the divergent interest groups to achieve the mutual recognition through consulting, the policy made according to the mutual recognition is advantageous to public interests, could make the various interests of interest groups come true in addition. Currently, there are some practice forms about deliberative democracy in our country's policy making, but it is still not perfect, we must promote the development of deliberative democracy practice through consummating the system and the mechanism.