On Christian Middle Schools In Shandong Province

The thesis of this article is to sketch and analyze the middle school in Shandong province founded by Christian, during the late 19th century to mid-20th century. In order to demonstrate the specialization, localization and secularize of the missionary school in the 90 years, four schools are for an example, the 8th middle school in Qingdao, the 11th middle school in Qingdao, the 2nd middle school in Weifang and the 5th middle school in Jinan.Christian schools first appeared originated in the activities of the missionaries of realistic demand. In the mid-19th century, the missionaries began to preach in Shandong, but they were rejected by the Chinese people. To dispel such hostility and increased contact with the Chinese people, missionaries started to found Christian schools. At the time, the purpose of the school is simple, attracting Chinese students and their parents converted to Christianity, so there is a strong religious atmosphere. The schools attach great importance to the various religious ceremonies, activities and religion courses. However, in order to attract Chinese students, Christian schools also inherited many features of the old Chinese civilization,, such as the importance of Confucian classics. At this time there is no sense of the modern middle school.Tengchow Boy's High School, as the first Christian middle school in Shandong province, was founded with the reform of Tengchow Boy's High School by Calvin Wilson Mateer. There are more and more middle schools in Shandong, following the Tengchow Boy's High School. These schools were usually founded by developing from primary schools.Into the 20th century after the 1920s, the government began to implement the registration of private schools. The missionary adjust policies on education, instead emphasizing the role of the Christian schools, with the vigorous development of the government-run middle schools competition the missionary chose the quality of survival strategies to strengthen the right to professional schools. The different missionaries showed different attitudes. Middle schools by the American Presbyterian Church USA were positive to register. In the 1930s, the majority of Presbyterian Church USA schools was registered.The right to education of the registered Christian middle schools belongs to the government formally, which had significantly strengthened its localization and secularize. Meanwhile, the hardware facilities and teaching standards had been enhanced. During the Anti-Japanese War, almost all the Christian middle schools in Shandong had closed or changed to other uses. The schools reopened after the war. In 1950s, Christian schools changed to ordinary private schools, severing the relationship with Christian. Then in 1952, the schools were reverted to run. The history of Christian schools completely ended.