The winner-take-all is an economic phenomenon. It is the easiest understanding that the winners get all, losers nothing. In the 20th century, the winner-take-all phenomenon has penetrated into all spheres of the society. In these fields of entertainment, sports, market competition, we can see that entertainment stars, sports stars, outstanding enterprises. All of these can be explained by the theory of winner takes all. The economic theory of winner-take-all is different from the traditional economic theory what we have learned, it is obviously different from the theory of free competition mentioned on the traditional economics which is closer to the reality. The theory comes from the reality and can be used to explain the economic phenomenon. Therefore, studying the theory of winner-take-all is more realistic. The winner-take-all phenomenon is now becoming more common which also exits in the field of education, such as college competition, the ranking of universities, academic competitions and so on. In this paper, we will study the Mathematical Olympiad Contest which is a small area of education and has caused widespread concern of the community. We will show that the Mathematical Olympiad has the characteristics of the winner takes all, and we will analyze the features, causes, effects of the Mathematical Olympiad competition from the perspective of the Winner-take-all. Finally, we will present the relevant control measures.Mathematical Olympiad is short for Mathematical Olympiad competition. In this paper, the competition we talked about is the wide sense of Mathematical Olympiad competition, it not only refers to the Mathematical Olympiad but also includes various forms of mathematics competitions organized for the Mathematical Olympiad. In the last decade, the development of Mathematical Olympiad competition in China has deviated from the normal track, triggering a series of questions and has had a significant impact on the primary and secondary education. The incentive mechanism of Mathematical Olympiad Contest which is associated with selecting school has attracted too many students to participate. Although, a large number of participants is conducive to selecting the most outstanding mathematical talents, too much involvement has also led to many problems. Excess entry is not conducive to the cultivation of talents, resulting in a waste of investment resources, making the social welfare less. On the other hand, the Mathematical Olympiad selection mechanism is based on the test scores to decide the winner, the small differences between the test scores can lead to great results, so the competition mechanism that the relative performances of competition decide the outcome of the contest often leads to the phenomenon of winner takes all. Therefore, the Mathematical Olympiad contest presents the characteristics of the winner-take-all. In this paper we will specifically elaborate that Mathematical Olympiad contest is a winner-take-all market.When we show the problems of the mathematical contest, we should not only pay our attension on the Mathematical Olympiad, the education about Mathematical Olympiad should be considered. The rapid development of Mathematical Olympiad Contest has led to the development of Mathematical Olympiad education and the development of Mathematical Olympiad education in turn promotes the development of Mathematical Olympiad. Mathematical Olympiad and the Mathematical Olympiad education have caused a series of problems which have attracted the concerns of the community. Different people have different ideas about the Mathematical Olympiad. How to adress the Mathematical Olympiad? How to solve the problems arising from Mathematical Olympiad? Many people have done a thorough researsh and study on this issue. Although there are many articles about studying the issue, most of the research on this issue is very broad and did not use a systematic theory to describe the nature of the problem in depth. In this paper, I will use the economic theory of winner-take-all to do research in Mathematical Olympiad and give in-depth description of the nature of Mathematical Olympiad from the perspective of winner takes all. This topic aims to make people take the theory of winner-take-all into account when they explore the Mathematical Olympiad problems. The Mathematical Olympiad problems can be treated in a different perspective. This article attempts to put forward the measures solving Mathematical Olympiad problems under the guidance of the winner-take-all theory.This paper is structured as follows:The first part introduces the background knowledge of Mathematical Olympiad competition and its development status, the impact of Mathematical Olympiad, problems caused by the competition and so on. Through this part, we will have a general understanding of the current Mathematical Olympiad competitions. The second part elaborates the economic theory of the winner-take-all, showing that the winner takes all market's characteristics, competition mechanism, causes, effects and so on. In this part,we introduce the excess entry in an experimental winner-take-all market by Urs Fischbacher and Christian Thoni. Through this experimental research, we know that there is inefficient entry on the winner-take-all market and inefficient entry increases with the number of participants. In this part, we have a deeper knowledge of the excess entry which is the most important issue of the winner-take-all market. The third part shows that the the Mathematical Olympiad contest is a winner-take-all market and the conditions of realization based on the previous discussion content, this part mainly discusses the Mathematical Olympiad contest's winner-take-all characteristics, causes, effects and other issues. In order to better understand Mathematical Olympiad competition is the winner-takes-all market, the fourth part make a detailed description about the social welfare of the Mathematical Olympiad competition with a model of the incentives from promotion and it also elaborates the irrational factor, overconfidence which has an impact on the Social Welfare. Part V gives us some control measures to solve the problem of the Mathematical Olympiad from the perspective of winner-take-all, hoping that the problems caused by Mathematical Olympiad can be fundamentally solved and Mathematical Olympiad can return to its normal development track. |