The Theory And Practice Of Communist Party Of China' Peasants Education At Its Early Stage (1921～1927)

In 1949, in summarizing the glorious course of Communist Party of China of the previous 28 years, Mao Zedong, the leader of CPC, said: the outbreak of October Revolution in Russia brought us the Marxism and Leninism. As the "Scientific Worldview and Methodology" aiming at "Knowing the World and Reforming the World", Marxism should be understood by proletariat mass to become the materialistic power in reforming the world. The proletariat mass should take Marxism as their "spiritual power", then the historical mission of reforming the world can be completed, the practice quality of Marxism being realized in the "mastering the mass". After the May Fourth Movement, through the propaganda and campaign activities of Marxism in China, the proletariat class accepted it, changing from a "self-existing" class to a "self-acting" class. However, in a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country where the population of peasants is two thirds of the whole population, it is of absolute necessity for peasants mass to accept Marxism in order to win the independence of the country and national liberation. However, before CPC was founded, there was not a class or party which can solve the problem of education of peasants, and the great task was shouldered solely by CPC. Those earlier members of CPC had done active survey of education for peasants mass in both theoretical and practice level, enhancing their class consciousness and contributing to the massive great peasants' movement. The aim of the research in this thesis is to seek beneficial factors in history, to draw helpful experiences and inspiration by discussing the Marxism theoretical education and peasants' education in classic works and by analyzing the theoretical investigations of CPC in its early phase of education for peasants mass and values in the practice and development of these activities. After summing up the theoretical value of CPC's peasants' education in the early phase and the theoretical illustration in classic Marxist works, the investigation of the Chinese localization of Marxist theoretical education would be made. On the other hand, the thesis author put forward the suggestion of improving peasants' cultural and educational level, of advancing the building of socialistic new villages and harmonious well-fare society by drawing instructive power of knowledge in those classic Marxist works of peasants' education in theory and practice research.