Public Policy Implementation Of Local Governments And Countermeasures

In recent years, with the deepen study of policy scientific theories, people have made a lot of research of the formulation, implementation and evaluation of public policy, especially in the 60's of 20th century, after people found that policy-making and policy-expected results appear deviation, the policy scientists dive a great deal of research enthusiasm into policy implementation. After decades of research, three generations of policy implementation theory have been formed; the first and second generations are reflected in the implementation of the theoretical model, namely, "top-bottom" model and "bottom-up" model. These theories are widely used in the practice of policy implementation, to a certain extent, achieved in some aspect, but also there are some shortcomings. With the development of modern society, the drawbacks of "top-bottom" model and "bottom-up" model are emerging. The third-generation policy implementation theory put forward the integrated models, it is the intergradations of the first and second generations, the implementation of integrated models reflects the characteristics of complexity and dynamic of policy implementation. This paper based on the theoretical basis to explore the local government policy implementation problems.In real-life, from the management activities of modern society, Social Affairs and the Government's management activities are the greatest embodiment of the government's management. To some extent, the government's management activities are completed by the adopting the public policy. In policy formulation and implementation of the practice, government or organization emphasis on the formulation of public policy and neglect the implementation of public policy and sum up of scientific practice, which make it difficult to have smooth implementation of policies or can not reach the public policy objectives. Practice tells us that the implementation of policies and specific policies play a vital status and role, it is the very way to achieve policy objectives, and it is the public policy testing standard. Public policy research on public policy is not only research on its own, but also the public policy research of implementation, as well as it is the settlement of some management issues of public affairs. Policy implementation reflects the existence of public policy, as well as the interpretation of the best public policy is direct and specific policy issues to address the basic way of the policy problems.In our country, one public policy aspect can be broadly divided into the central policy and specific policies of local governments. In the implementation, but also show their own characteristics. Local government, which is the carrier of the smooth implementation of the national public policy, also as a local public policies'maker and executor, with two-way nature. Therefore, the implementation of policies of local governments have a double significance of study, and the understanding, forming and implementing of the local government's public policy is directly related to the implementation results. In recent years, in the activities of local government policy implementation, the phenomenon of "there are measures to counter" is still apparent, the local government in carrying out the policy there are some unsatisfactory situation, these phenomenon's are some disorders, decree barrier, local protection, resulting in low efficiency ,to go their own ways in disregard of orders and prohibitions in recent years. Local governments in their implementation of specific policies, also because of the policy itself, factors in different target groups show in different problem. These problems become obstacles to the implementation of policies, and sometimes from the local levels will intensify the conflict, which policy can be effectively implemented, it would be difficult to achieve the policy target to be met. The reason is for variety of factors. Between policy and policy implementation are more serious deviation, such as the indiscriminate collection of fees, fines, and illegal land use, shows that the existence of the Government to implement is lack of intensity, and hence to study the implementation of policies of local governments have a practical significance.In this paper, some practical examples, from the activities of local governments in carrying out the policy issues arising from, respectively, from the pursuit of local interests, local policy, the implementation of the main target groups, implementation of environmental analysis, in section 3 of this article, some measures have been provided with some reference to smooth implementation of public policy implementation.Thesis consists of three parts. The first part is the research result of the foreign scholars of policy in theory and implementation results studying, the status of implementation of China's local governments to carry out the policy context of a synthesis of theory and practice of policy implementation on a preliminary understanding, and then on public policy, defined the concept of policy implementation, adopted to clarify the role of policy implementation, pointing out that policies to deal with the implementation of research attention.The second part of the implementation of policies of local governments to carry out analysis of problems, from their own local policies, the impact of the implementation process, package and environment points out that local governments tend to pursue self-serving local interests, lacking of scientific and rational policy, the main level of policy implementation is not high, the policy is not high degree of recognition, inadequate implementation of policies supporting environmental factors such as local government policy implementation is an important reason for the existence of bias.The third part of the second part of the analysis for the reasons put forward corresponding countermeasures. Balance of interests in the proposed deal with the relationship between central and local power relations, the interests of the recommendations; in the formulation of local policies, the policies and systems through the strengthening of the scientific, rational and scientific evaluation system to use measures such as policies to improve quality; in the implementation of the main aspects of the need of improving the quality of the implementation behavior, the interests of balance, and improve accountability focus, etc., and vigorously to improve the implementation of the implementation of the main level; in the treatment of people with the target groups, we should establish and improve the democratic participation mechanisms, provide a harmonious environment to enhance the identity of its policy to improve its comprehensive quality; support in carrying out the policy environment, to create a good social and psychological environment, and improve the supervision system and the hearing system for the implementation of the policies.In this paper, the implementation of policies by local governments put forward some measures to help local government capacity for policy implementation.