Studies On The Situation, Problems And Strategies For Food Security Of Zhejiang Province

This research was carried out to analyze the new implications of food security and status of China' food security in the new situation, based on the implications and styles of food security . According to the investigations on the development and status of food security of Zhejiang province since 1980's, problems of food security were discussed, reasonable and effective countermeasures to promote food security were put forwarded. The main contents are listed as follows:1. Definition and styles of food security. The definition of food security firstly appeared in 'International stipulation for global food security' advanced by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) in 1974. Edouard Saouma, the FAO Director General, broadened the definition on the security of foodstuffs in 1983. In December 1996, the food security was finally defined as: "the food security would be achieved only when all the people can obtain adequate, safe and nutrition food to satisfy their aspiring, healthy meal demands and food tastes during their daily life". In this definition the security comprises the producing, circulating, and consuming of food. Meanwhile, food security could be partitioned into long-term and short-term style at global, national, regional, and family levels' food security.2. Facts of Chinese food security under the new situation. Since 1990's, the demand and supply of food were balanced, and in some years, supply was exceeded the demand, indicating the new phase of developments in china agriculture and food production. Now, china food production is facing an important turning point. The status of food supply and demand might be reversed due to the reduction in food output. Recently, it is impossible to depend on the price protection from government to solve the contradictions of food supply and demand anymore. To guarantee the food security, the emphasis should be changed from the yield safety to the capability security. Furthermore, the supply of food in China must be self-sustainable.3. Status of Zhejiang food security. Since 1986, Zhejiang was turned to be short offood supply, though it was one of the rich food supply province before. Firstly, we observed that, food planting acreage was decreasing continuously and thus, the total food yield of Zhejiang province. The food planting acreage and total food yield were decreased to 142.8 million hm2 from 793.4 million ton in 2003, respectively. Secondly, with the enhancement in standard of living and population level, the gross food consumtion increased rigidly (rapidly). Thirdly, food from other province has been the main source of consumer food in Zhejiang. Approximately 82.6% consumer food was from other province. Fourthly, because of strength of government supporting policy, the food price was decreased, thus the planting benefit was reduced sharply recently. Fifthly, with enhancing consciousness of food security and lots of reports about environment pollution and food poisoning, more and more attention was paid to credit of farm production, which resulted in the food security to credit crisis.4. Problems of Zhejiang food security. Firstly, continuous trend was observed for the decreasing of plantation acreage, and also for the deteriorating of plantation quality. And water resource was facing seriously short in Zhejiang province. Secondly, the smallholdings managing mode of family was an important disadvantage of guarantee the food security. Thirdly, the most serious soil pollution was reported now-a-days, due to the permanent inorganic pollution and heavy metal pollution, besides the pesticide pollution. Fourthly, rapid development of transgenic biotechnology has made the transgenic plant and transgenic food flooding into the daily live, and as well as the hidden trouble of security. Fifthly, the competition price of foodstuff is low, and also the commercial benefit of food planting is. Sixthly, the system of repertory and currency is incomplete. Finally, the merging of domestic and overseas market enhanced the uncertainty of prefigure the status of food security.5. Countermeasures for Zhejiang food security. According to the status and problems of food security, the following measurements were proposed for improving Zhejiang food security: Firstly, effective actions should be taken to strengthen the plantation protection, guarantee the plantation quantity, improving the plantation quality, and realizing the balance of occupy and compensate authentically. The cognition of...