TBT's Impact On Shandong's Export Trade And Countermeasures

The development of the economic globalization makes the economy of countries all over the world link to each other closely, the voice of liberalization of trade runs high. Traditional tariff barriers and non-tariff trade barriers fade out from the international trade stage gradually. Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT) becomes the upstart of trade protectionism with its incomparable effect of restriction. China joined WTO on December 11th, 2001. which greatly quickenned the steps of incorporating the world, export trade, while facing the opportunities, is bearing enormous challenges too. China is the biggest victim of TBT in the world,.Shandong is one of the most injured provinces in china,its products encounter TBT commonly in the international market and are damaged hcavily.studing TBT and taking effective measures to break through it have great meaning to the export trade and economic internationalization of Shandong.This text launches from the following five parts mainly.The first part. Production of TBT. The technological regulations and standards of products didn't emerge in the form of trade barriers at first. Its emergence is the demand of development of international trade, it is really beneficial to the development of trade on the initial stage of producing. But each country has different value in safeguarding human health,security and living environment in various countries,there are disparities of industrialization degree and different level of science and technology development among various countries too.therefore.cause the difference of technological regulations and standards,\vhich become barriers to the international trade.The existence of these disparities has inevitability and certain rational aspects, but the developed countries expand the disparities on the basis of trade protectionism,which is the basic reason that TBT emerges. Current"agreement on TBT" makes principle, norm and set up dispute settlement body to guide the implementation of TBT for various countries .The agreement promote the smooth development of international trade,but its own loopholes offer the developedcountries excuse to make TBT.Second part, Frames and characteristics of TBT. TBT is a system including technological regulations, standards,procedure of qualification and evaluation; examination and quarantine of products; the label and packing instructions; Information technology barriers to trade and green barries. The developed countries mainly proceed with these parts to set up TBT directly against other countries. TBT is the favorite of the developed countries and concerned by countries all over the world, the reason of which is that as one mean of trade protectionism, it has remarkable characteristics to distinguish from other barriers. For instance extensive, disguise, changeable,pertinence , influencing heavy, getting heavy dispute.In this section,! briefly analyse the trend of TBT's development.The third part,The developed country's implementations of TBT.The implementations of TBT closely relate to the development level of one country's economy and technology.The developed countries become the main builders and implementers of TBT relying on their economic and technological advangtages.The United States,Japan and European Union are the countries that implement TBT the most typical and abundant.Each county has a set of intact system.The fourth part,TBT's impact on Shandong's export trade.Shandong is a large export province of China. Reform and opening-up over the past 20 years, the scale of export Shandong's export trade expands year by year. Calculate according to customs, since 1996, Shandong's export depend on degree has been rising year by year, The 1996 12% only, rise to 16.6% in 2002. Nearly 1/5 products realize their value through export trade. The increase of export depend on degree also make the products of our province more liable to be influenced by TBT. In this part, I comprehensively analyse the influence of TBT on international competitiveness of Shandong's...