A Textual Research Of Zhebo In Song Dynasty

Tang-Song Dynasty during which many petty farmers had involved into the commercial market and the civilian commerce, large and wholesale trading had got an unprecedented development. Due to this, a compound word, Zhebo which is mainly use to record the transaction activities, was widely appeared in the Song literature, become to be a familiar word in the Song history academic field, especially in the Song economic history academic field. And they had explored the nature, content of Zhebo from many aspects based on the governmental monopoly system and purchasing system. But, there are still many questions left: Did Zhebo appear in Song Dynasty? Did it only use to explain the transaction between government and civilian? Or just mean the exchange of monopoly commodity? What was the background and reason for Zhebo appeared in Song Dynasty? What was the mean of the appearance and development for Zhebo? The present research result hasn't given a clear, credit answer to these questions. So this paper taken Zhebo as a transaction approach, systematically investigates the meaning, nature, reason for the appearance and development situation of Zhebo, to profound understand the epoch characteristic of Song's transaction approaches.This paper has five parts:The preface is focus on confirming the research ranges, exploring the aim and mean of this research, integrating the history research and the present research situation, explaining the research method and creative significance.The first part taken Imperial Collection of Four as base, through a whole indexing, to statistic the outline of Zhebo in it and confirm the nature of Zhebo, so that we can know the distribution and usage situation of Zhebo in this literature. Through the meaning of Zhe, Bo and Zhebo, considering the commercial economic development situation in Tang Song Dynasty, systematically analyses the relationship between Zhebo and Ruzhong, Zhezhong, Boyi, and defines the concept of Zhebo. The second part taken the economic activities of Zhebo as a whole, comprehensively integrate the origin, development and institutional process of civilian Zhebo and Zhebo between citizens and government, to reveal the nature that Zhebo was original in civilian, and had been widely existed in civilian. Systematically analyses the Zhebo transaction approach in governmental monopoly system, exploring the epoch characteristic of Song's commercial economic development reflected in Zhebo.The third part indicates that integration of regional market, money shortage and joining in the economic activities of the government was the main reason and condition for Zhebo forming and developing in that time.The final part mainly concludes the contents and points out that Zhebo is significantly one of the discount transactions which valuated by copper coins; was result from the disjunction between commodity circulation and currency circulation, the division of the copper coins'function adapting to the market development. It has indirectly manifested the epoch characteristic that the Song's commodity economy developed fast but the currency circulation seriously lagged.