School Health Education In Republic Of China

In the Republican Era of China, great development had been made in school health education. Under the circumstances of domestic unrest, foreign invasion and people's weakness, elite Chinese were busy in finding solutions, among which is school health education. It is scholars' conceptions towards school health education, development of the curriculum, implementation of school health education and a case study that manifest the theme of this thesis.The first chapter is a presentation of scholars'conceptions towards school health education in the Republican Era. In their opinion, school health education is in close ties with the rise and fall of a nation and students' health conditions. Principles of school heath education are supposed to be in correspondence with national condition, students' physical and psychological characteristics along with initiatives. Teaching methods such as classroom teaching, investigation, gathering and exhibition are among the choices.The second chapter is devoted to a research on the curriculum in the Republican Era. From 1928 to 1936, it had gone through three stages, which are interim period, formal period and formal revision. Health education is required as a subject in formal curriculum period in elementary schools and junior high schools whereas it is a must through three years of junior middle schools. For those periods without the curriculum of health education, it is penetrated via related curriculums.The third and fourth chapters present implementation of health education in public elementary and secondary schools in Zhejiang Province. Implementation of school health education in 1927-1937 can be divided into two periods, one is from 1927 when the provincial government had been established to 1931 when the "September 18th Incident" happened, and the other is from 1931 to 1937 when the War of Resistance against Japan broke out. During the later period, school health education had been greatly improved along with the flourishing of the nation's conscious to the nations' difficulties and the New Life Movement. School Health education had been included in special education, local education and children activities.Chapter Five is a case study on Zhejiang Provincal Hangzhou High School, whose administration, rules of health education and check-up of students had been explored in order to have a comprehensive understanding of the application of school health education.In conclusion, reasons for achievements made during the Republican Era are stated as follows:First, stess had been laid on school health education. Second, attention had been paid to teaching methods of it. Third, emphasis had been put on school health education research.