Study On Overlapping Adjective In XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong

XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong is of great value for the study of Chinese in Yuan Dynasty. Because its age is comparatively exact and its spoken language degree is comparatively high. It is very representive. And it reflects the language appearance which is comparatively all-round in Yuan Dynasty.The methods of the study in the article included the exhaustive description, the statistics, phonics analysis and the historical comparision.First, this article divided 359 overlapping adjectives altogether into four types, and carried on the analysis to their internal structure. AA-type adjective had 116 totally, accouting for 32.3% of all overlapping adjectives. One type of them was configurated AA1, the other was morphological AA2. 195 ABB-type adjective accounted for 54.3% of all overlapping adjective, including A+BB→ABB,AB+B→ABB and onomatopoeic ABB adjective of three types. XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong had only one AAB-type adjective"xunxunzui"(醺醺醉). AABB-type adjective had 47 totally, accouting for 13.1% of all overlapping adjectives. Which included AB\BA→AABB and AA + BB→AABB of two types.In the grammatical function aspect, AA-type adjective was mainly used as adverbial and attribute, and there was not"de"after it. AA2 was mainly used as predicate, but AA1 was not. ABB-type adjective was mainly used as attribute, and as adverbial secondly. There usually was not auxiliary after ABB. Different types of A+BB→ABB play different grammatical roles. AABB-type adjective was mainly used as predicate.In the rhetoric aspect, AA1 adjective could enhance the character and representation. AA2 adjective's function lied to the description of situation. ABB–type adjective's features in the rhetoric aspect included: describing emotion and imitating form were clear and vivid; expressing affection was lively and easy to understand; it was very rhythmic. AABB-type adjective was very descriptive. It could render atmosphere and strengthen the degree of person or things which were modified.In the phonics aspect, in AA-type adjective, even teeth and level tone's A were more. In ABB-type adjective, A was mostly pure vowel final and oblique tones's. BB was mostly yangsheng final. The rule of matching between A and BB: four kinds in five most combination have the dental participation; A and BB usually were same as even teeth; there was all pursed mouth in least kinds of combination; A and BB were usually different tone. In AABB-type adjective, AA showed certain tendentiousness on dental participation, even teeth and level tone. BB was usually yangsheng final.In the diachronic comparison aspect, this article preliminarily compared Yuan Dynasty overlapping adjective reflected by XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong to modern Chinese overlapping adjective.